1 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
E. Ermiş (ed.), Food Powders Properties and Characterization, Food
Engineering Series, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48908-3_1
Chapter 1
Food Powders Bulk Properties
Banu Koç, Mehmet Koç, and Ulaş Baysan
1.1 Bulk Density
The bulk density is an important quality criterion during the packaging of powder
products and transportation from one place to another. The bulk density also gives
information about whether the end product is milled to the desired dimensions or
dried to the desired moisture content. Therefore, determining the bulk density of
particles means estimation of cost of storage, transportation, product standardiza-
tion and process success ability in view of the industry.
The most common defnition of the bulk density value is a measure of how much
powder product can be put into a packaging material having a certain volume. In
other words, when a powder just flls a vessel of known volume V, and the mass of
the powder is m, then the bulk density of the powder is m/V. After the quantities
value of the powder bulk density is determined, it is necessary that these results are
evaluated and interpreted.
The particles tend to move towards the bottom of the container depending on
time. As time progresses, bulk density increases due to this movement of particles.
As a result of an increase in the amount of substance falling to volume per unit
(m/V), the density is increased. This change of density is depended on the porosity
described the non-occupied volume function (Barbosa-Canovas and Juliano 2005).
Thus, bulk density is defned as “the mass of particles that occupies a unit volume
of a bed”, while porosity is defned as “the volume of the voids within the bed
divided by the total volume of the bed”. The particle density, which is for a unit
B. Koç (*)
Gaziantep University, Fine Arts, Gastronomy and Culinary Arts Department,
Gaziantep, Turkey
e-mail: banukoc@gantep.edu.tr
M. Koç · U. Baysan
Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering,
Aydın, Turkey