3rd International Conference on Applied Engineering and Natural Sciences https://www.icaens.com/ July 20-23, 2022, Konya, Turkey 188 Automatic Water Level Indicator: A Review Muhammad Ahmad Baballe 1* , Mukhtar Ibrahim Bello 2 , Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad 3 , Adamu Alkali Umar 4 , Fatihu Muhammad 5 , Abdulmuhamin Muhammad 6 *1 Department of Computer Engineering Technology, School of Technology, Kano State Polytechnic, Kano, Nigeria. 1 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9441-7023 * mbaballe@kanopoly.edu.ng Abstract – The drinking water crisis in Africa is reaching alarming proportions nowadays. Hence, it is of the utmost importance to preserve water for animals and human beings. In many houses, there is unnecessary wastage of water due to the overflow of overhead tanks. An automatic water level indicator and controller can provide a solution to such problems. The operation of the water level controller works upon the fact that water conducts electricity due to the presence of minerals within it. So, water can be used to open or close a circuit. As the water level rises or falls, different circuits in the controller send different signals. These signals are used to switch ON or switch OFF the motor pump as per our requirements. The total amount of water available on Earth has been estimated at 2 billion cubic kilometers, enough to cover the planet with a layer of about 3 km. About 95% of the Earth's water is in the oceans, which is unfit for human consumption and usage. About 4% is locked in the polar ice caps, and the rest 1% constitutes all the fresh water found in rivers, streams, and lakes that is suitable for our consumption. Keywords – Automatic, Ultrasonic sensor, Save Water, level Controller, Integrated Circuit, LCD, and Buzzer. I. INTRODUCTION Water is the first thing that comes to mind when I think of my daily routine. This is one of the basic survival needs. People depend on the upper reservoir for everyday use. The upper tank is made of an opaque or cement (concrete) material to prevent algae growth and is closed with a cap to protect it from dust and mosquito infestation. So, the level of water in the tank is unknown. Oftentimes, we turn on the motor and forget to turn it off. Because of this, most of the water will be lost unknowingly. This leads to water scarcity. Therefore, there is a need for a replacement that can start automatically and shut off the motor when the water is filled to the desired level. Automatic water level controllers are products created to automatically control the motor, which helps to ensure that there is a constant reserve of water in the storage tank. These automatic water level controllers are used to automatically fill the overhead tank when it starts up or when it becomes empty and also monitor the water level in it. Automatic water level controllers start the motor when the water level drops below a certain level and turn off the motor when the water rises above a fixed level. The motor will also shut off when the sump water runs out before it fills the upper tank, or if the pump is dry and also maintains voltage fluctuations. These are the latest products based on advanced digital technology. This system is versatile. There are also custom variations, such as controlling multiple pumps or multiple tanks. The carbon water level sensor provides contact water level measurement. The system for controlling water levels is an electronic device that controls the operation of the water pump in subterranean and overhead storage tanks when electrically connected to the starting point of any pump assembly motor. It switches ON the pump assembly when the water level in the overhead tank falls below the preset