ORIGINAL ARTICLE Crepatura ellipsospora gen. et sp. nov. in Phanerochaetaceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) bearing a tuberculate hymenial surface Xiang Ma 1,2 & Chang-Lin Zhao 1,2 Received: 31 October 2018 /Revised: 13 March 2019 /Accepted: 17 March 2019 # German Mycological Society and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract A new wood-inhabiting fungal genus, Crepatura, typified by C. ellipsospora sp. nov., is proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. The genus is characterized by an annual growth habit, resupinate basidiocarps with smooth to irregularly tuberculate hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with thick-walled generative hyphae bearing both clamp connections and simple septa and ellipsoid, hyaline, thick-walled, smooth, negative in Melzer’ s, acyanophilous basidiospores measuring 6.5–7.5 × 4–5 μm. Sequences of ITS and LSU nrRNA gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that Crepatura belonged to the Phanerochaetaceae family and nested into the Donkia clade. The result demonstrated that the genus Crepatura formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support and phylogenetically was closely related to Pirex concentricus. Keywords China . Molecular phylogeny . Phanerochaetaceae . Taxonomy . Wood-rotting fungi Introduction Polyporales is one of the most intensively studied clades of fungi and the taxa of Polyporales are of interest to both fungal ecologists and applied scientists (Justo et al. 2017). At present, there are 46 genomes of Polyporales hosted by the Joint Genome Institute MycoCosm portal (Grigoriev et al. 2013). However, with roughly 1800 described species, Polyporales account for only about 1.5% of all known species of Fungi (Kirk et al. 2008). Species in this order are the key players among the wood-rotting fungi because of their importance in the pathogenic and potential application in biomedical engi- neering and biodegradation (Dai et al. 2009; Levin et al. 2016). Molecular systematics has played a powerful role in infer- ring phylogenies within fungal groups since the early 1990s (White et al. 1990; Larsson 2007; Miettinen et al. 2012; Binder et al. 2013; Dai et al. 2015; Choi and Kim 2017). Recently, molecular studies involving Phanerochaetaceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) have been carried out (Binder et al. 2005, 2013; Larsson 2007; Wu et al. 2010; Miettinen and Larsson 2011; Miettinen and Rajchenberg 2012; Miettinen et al. 2012, 2016; Floudas and Hibbett 2015; Justo et al. 2017). Larsson (2007) introduced a new division taxonomic sys- tem for part of the Polyporales, effectively renaming the phlebioid and residual polyporoid clades as the Meruliaceae P. Karst., Phanerochaetaceae, and Byssomerulius Parmasto families and suggested the adoption of Phanerochaetaceae for a clade of corticioid fungi around the genus Phanerochaete P. Karst. The corticioid members of the Phanerochaetaceae have been popular subjects of phylogenetic research, which has re- sulted in revision of genus concepts within the family and an extended phylogeny of the Phanerochaetaceae was produced, extending the genera Hjortstamia Boidin & Gilles and Phlebiopsis Jülich (Wu et al. 2010). Furthermore, further study employing a six-gene (5.8S, nrLSU, nrSSU, rpb1, rpb2, tef1) dataset has constructed phylogenetic and phylogenomic overview of the Polyporales, which showed that Phanerochaetaceae was indeed a well-supported subclade of Section Editor: Yu-Cheng Dai * Chang-Lin Zhao fungichanglinz@163.com 1 College of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’ s Republic of China 2 Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’ s Republic of China Mycological Progress (2019) 18:785–793 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-019-01488-0