International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | July 2022 | Vol 10 | Issue 7 Page 1565 International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Madhav VNV et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2022 Jul;10(7):1565-1567 www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012 Review Article Graphene: a game changer in prosthodontics and implant dentistry V. N. V. Madhav*, Snehal Joshi, Manisha Kulkarni INTRODUCTION Prosthodontic materials when placed within oral cavity are coming in contact with saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, and water. Also, it is exposed to high temperature changes, occlusal and masticatory forces and abrasion causing mechanical failures and overtime requiring restoration replacement with extra cost. Additionally, almost all material comes in tight contact with oral tissues; for that reason, they must be noncytotoxic and biocompatible for a harmonious interaction with host tissue while doing their functions. 1 Graphene was discovered by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov at the University of Manchester in 2004. Their discovery gave them Nobel prize in 2010. Novoselov stick a flake of graphite to a scotch tape and then exfoliated it to separate the graphite layers and repeated this process several times to reduce the thickness of graphite until few layers of graphene sheet was isolated. The International Union for Pure and applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommended use of the name “graphite” for the three- dimensional material and “graphene” only when the reaction, structural relation or other properties of layer are discussed. Graphene is a single sheet of one-atom thickness arranged in a honeycomb-like lattice. 1 The aim of this article is to furnish general outline of graphene in prosthodontics. GRAPHENE STRUCTURE Graphene is a single sheet of one-atom thickness arranged in a honeycomb-like lattice. Each carbon atom is covalently bonded to three other carbon atoms with Sp2 hybridization. While the interlayer is re-arranged through weak van der Waal forces. These forces are responsible for the softness of this material. 2,3 PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE Strength Monolayer graphene is the strongest material ever tested with a strength of 42 N/m. Department of Prosthodontics, RDF’s Dental College and Hospital, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India Received: 05 May 2022 Revised: 25 May 2022 Accepted: 30 May 2022 *Correspondence: Dr. V. N. V. Madhav, E-mail: vnvmadhav@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT Graphene family nonmaterial, with supercilious mechanical, chemical, and biological properties, have grabbed attention on the path of researches seeking newer materials for future biomedical applications. Although potential applications of graphene had been highly reviewed in other fields of medicine, especially for their antibacterial properties and tissue regenerative capacities, in vivo and in vitro studies related to prosthodontics are very limited. Therefore, based on current knowledge and latest progress, this article aimed to present the recent achievements and provide a literature review on potential uses and applications of graphene that could be converted into clinical reality in prosthodontics. Keywords: Graphene, Graphene based biosensor, Graphene oxide, Nitrogen doped graphene, Graphene nanoplates, Graphene nanoflakes DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20221807