308 IJSR - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH Volume : 5 | Issue : 7 | July 2016 • ISSN No 2277 - 8179 | IF : 3.508 | IC Value : 69.48 Original Research Paper Medical Science Anju Mital Post Graduate student, Department of Biochemistry, Subharti Medical College, Meerut Nirensingh Koch Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Subharti Medical College, Meerut Gautam Sarkar Professor & Head, Department of Biochemistry, Subharti Medical College, Meerut Dr Akash Gupta Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Subharti Medical College, Meerut * Corresponding Author The Association of Microalbuminuria With Components of Metabolic Syndrome, in North Indian Population: A Hospital Based Study KEYWORDS : Microalbumin, UCAR, Metabolic syndrome, BMI ABSTRACT Introduction - Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major public-health problem worldwide. The aim of the study was to explore the association of microalbuminuria and metabolic syndrome. Material & method: The present study was conducted at Department of Biochemistry, Subharti Medical College & Hospital. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by the IDF 2005 criteria. A total of 88 consecutive cases of metabolic syndrome were selected for the study. A corresponding number of age & sex matched volunteers were selected as controls. Other than the routine parameters & those pertaining to the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, microalbumin & creatinine were estimated in all urine samples. Microalbuminuria was defned as urine albumin- creatinine ratio of 30 to 300mg/g. Results: Urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) was signifcantly higher in cases as compared to control (p<0.002). We observed that 22.7% of case subjects had microalbuminuria, whereas 4.5% of control subjects had microalbuminuria. All components of metabolic syn- drome were associated with increased risk of microalbuminuria, the strongest association being with high blood pressure. Conclusion: Microalbuminuria being an independent predictor for cardio-vascular and renal injury, routine screening for microalbumi- nuria, as additional criteria for metabolic syndrome, should be considered, to further fne tune the interpretation of metabolic syndrome. INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major public-health prob- lem worldwide. It is defned as constellation of an intercon- nected physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of atherosclerosis1, 2. Worldwide prevalence of MetS ranges from <10% to as much as 84%, depending on the region, urban or rural en- vironment, composition (sex, age, race, and ethnicity) of the population studied, and the defnition of the syndrome used3, 4. Recent studies using Indian specifc criteria for overweight (BMI> 23), obesity (BMI > 25), and abdominal obesity (WC>90 cm in men and >80 cm in women) have found that prevalence rates among Asian Indians exceeding those in the US population5. Micoralbuminuria is an early marker of chronic kidney dis- ease (CKD)6 and vascular dysfunction7 and is associated with a higher risk of renal function loss,6 cardiovascular events 6,8 and all-cause mortality8. Microalbuminuria is relatively common in patients with metabolic disorders, such as T2DM9 and has been incorpo- rated into the defnition of the metabolic syndrome of the World Health Organization10. Microalbuminuria is currently defned as a urinary albumin excretion (UAE) of 30 to 300 mg/24 hours, (24-hour urine collection) or as urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) of 20 to 200 μg/min, if measured in a timed urine collection, or of 30 to 300 mg/g, if measured with the use of the urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) in a spot urine collection11. The ACR is a more convenient test for patients and may be less prone to errors due to improper collection methods12. Microalbuminuria measurement is a good screening test for early detection of renal disease, and may be a marker for the presence of microvascular disease in general13. As there were only few studies available relating microal- buminuria and metabolic syndrome on Indian population, we proposed to study the association of microalbuminuria with metabolic syndrome and its components. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a hospital based prospective type, case control study conducted in the department of biochemistry Sub- harti Medical College, Meerut after obtaining ethical clear- ance from the institutional ethical clearance commitee. Informed consents were taken from every subject before including in the study. A total of 100 patients who fulfll the criteria of metabolic syndrome proposed by IDF 2005, within the age group of 16 to 65 years, atending the spe- cialty OPD for metabolic syndrome in Subharti medical college and 100 age and sex matched control subjects were included in the study. Those patients having abnormal urea and creatinine values, acute and chronic nephritis, severe uncontrolled hypertension, diabetic ketoacidosis, conges- tive cardiac failure, pregnancy, fever, severe exercise and psychological stress and any other chronic disease were ex- cluded from the study. Anthropometric measurement Weight was recorded in Kilogram by an electronic weigh- ing machine. Height was recorded in centimeters using a height scale. Abdominal girth was measured using a meas- uring tape in centimeters. Urine sample collection Spot morning urine samples were collected and stored at -20˚C. Urinary Microalbumin was estimated using ELISA kit (DRG Pvt Ltd, USA) on ELISA reader (Readwell touch, Robonek Pvt Ltd India). Other parameters Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), serum TG and HDL-C were