329
Complications of cardiac catheterization in congenital heart
disease, 30 years of experience. A new risk-adjusted score
Complicaciones del cateterismo cardiaco en cardiopatías congénitas, 30 años de
experiencia. Un nuevo score ajustado al riesgo
Ricardo Gamboa
1
*, Alfredo Bravo
2
, Jesús Damsky-Barbosa
3
, Eduardo Benítez
4
, Pablo Pedroni
5
,
Martín Roth
6
, Francisco Pedro-Mollón
7
and Estefanía Solari
8
1
Area of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Diseases, Hemodynamics Department, Hospital de Alta Complejidad El Cruce, Florencio
Varela, Buenos Aires;
2
Hemodynamics Department, Instituto Cardiovascular Villa Mercedes, San Luis;
3
Department of Pediatric Cardiology and
Hemodynamics, Hospital Pedro de Elizalde, Buenos Aires;
4
Cardiology Department, Policlínico Regional de Villa Mercedes, San Luis;
5
Hemodynamics
Department, Hospital el Cruce, Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires;
6
Anesthesiology Department, Hospital Garrahan, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos
Aires;
7
Hemodynamics Department, Clínica Guemes, Luján, Buenos Aires;
8
Institute of Administrative Research, Faculty of Economic Sciences,
Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Abstract
Objective: to present a risk-adjusted score of complications during cardiac catheterization in congenital heart dis-
ease. Design: observational, analytic, and ambispective of 3.504 cases. The data analyzed included age, heart disease, type
of procedure, major and minor complications. Methods: 3.504 procedures performed between October 1987 and May 2019.
The variables were age, heart disease, procedure and clinical stage. Each patient was categorized as low risk 5 to 7 points,
moderate risk 8 to 11 points, and high risk 12 to 22 points. The score was validated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and
the ROC curve (Receiver Operating Characteristic). Results: complications 177 (5%) 66 major (1.9%) and 111 minor (3.1%).
Mortality was 0.4% (15 patients). The low-risk group (n = 825) had 1.5% complications; moderate risk (n = 2,221) 4.9%; high
risk (n: 458) 12% (p < 0.001). The analysis of the retrospective data (n = 2953) was validated with prospective (n = 551)
using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, showed that the predicted values are similar to those observed. Conclusions: Complica-
tions continue to occur despite the evolution of the technique. The score was useful for stratifying patients and knowing the
probability of complication before the procedure.
Keywords: Complications. Diagnostic and interventional catheterization. Congenital heart disease.
Resumen
Objetivo: Presentar un score ajustado al riesgo de complicaciones durante el cateterismo cardiaco en cardiopatías congénitas.
Diseño: Observacional, analítico y ambispectivo de 3,504 casos. Se incluyeron edad, cardiopatía, procedimiento, complicacio-
nes mayores y menores. Métodos: 3,504 procedimientos realizados entre octubre de 1987 y mayo de 2019. Variables inde-
pendientes: edad, cardiopatía, procedimiento y estadio clínico. Se categorizó como bajo riesgo 5 a 7 puntos, moderado riesgo
8 a 11 puntos y alto riesgo 12 a 22 puntos. El score fue validado mediante la prueba de Hosmer-Lemeshow y la curva ROC
(receiver operating characteristic). Resultados: Las complicaciones fueron 177 (5%), 66 mayores (1.9%) y 111 menores (3.1%).
Available online: 24-07-2023
Arch Cardiol Mex (Eng). 2023;93(2):329-336
www.archivoscardiologia.com
Date of reception: 19-10-2021
Date of acceptance: 21-06-2022
DOI: 10.24875/ACME.M23000394
2604-7063 / © 2022 Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez. Published by Permanyer. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND
license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
*Correspondence:
Ricardo Gamboa
E-mail: rgamboa33@yahoo.com.ar