Correlates of burnout among professionals working with
people with intellectual and developmental disabilities
A. Finkelstein,
1
Y. G. Bachner,
2
C. Greenberger,
1
R. Brooks
3
& A. Tenenbaum
3
1 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
2 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
3 Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Medical Center Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
Abstract
Background Although burnout has been recognised
as an important stress-related problem among staff
working with people with intellectual and develop-
mental disabilities (IDD), literature on the subject is
limited yet emerging. The aim of this study is twofold:
(1) to evaluate the level of burnout within different
professions working with IDD; (2) to examine the
association between socio-demographic, professional
and organisational characteristics and burnout.
Method One hundred ninety-nine professionals
working with people with IDD were enrolled in the
study (66% response rate). Participants were
recruited from several facilities that provide care for
people with IDD of all ages, in the Jerusalem area and
in other cities in central Israel. The anonymous
questionnaires included valid and reliable measures of
burnout, socio-demographic variables, professional
variables and organisational variables.
Results Participants’ mean age was 38.3 years, and
most were women. There were no significant
differences in burnout levels among the different
professionals. Role ambiguity, perceived overload,
care-recipient group and job involvement were
significant predictors of burnout. The model
explained a high percentage (46.8%) of the observed
variance.
Conclusions Most of these predictors are
organisational measures. These findings demonstrate
that organisational variables are more significantly
associated with burnout of staff working with people
with IDD than the socio-demographic factors or
professional characteristics. Identifying and better
understanding the specific factors associated with
burnout among professionals working with IDD
could facilitate unique intervention programs to
reduce burnout levels in staff.
Keywords burnout, intellectual and developmental
disabilities, Israel, organisational characteristics,
professionals
Introduction
Intellectual disability (ID) affects approximately 1–3%
of the population (Karam et al. 2015). It is estimated
that about 2.5–4 million adults in the United States
have an ID, and an even more have developmental
disabilities (Lauer and McCallion 2015). Intellectual
and developmental disabilities (IDD) are associated
with increased risk of social exclusion and make
significant demands on families and health and social
welfare agencies (Emerson 2012).
In Israel, estimates show that in 2012 there were
6900 people with ID (Tenenbaum et al. 2012). The
1
Correspondence: Dr. Adi Finkelstein, 7 Beit Hadfus st. Jerusalem
95483, Israel (e-mail: adilan@netvision.net.il; +972-50-6688183).
No funding was received for this research
The authors declare no financial interest or benefit
Journal of Intellectual Disability Research doi: 10.1111/jir.12542
© 2018 MENCAP and International Association of the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and
John Wiley & Sons Ltd