The HanPil (한필) Studies on Korea and the Philippines is published electronically by the - University of the Philippines Korea Research Center. All papers included in the current volume underwent a double-blind peer review process. The HanPil is published annually. Published by UP Korea Research Center Printed in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines Issue Editor Jean Encinas-Franco, Ph.D. Managing Editor Kyung Min Bae, Ph.D. Copy Editor Pamela Jacar Copyright © 2021 by the UP KRC and authors All rights reserved, except that authorization is given herewith to academic institutions and educators to reproduce the articles herein for academic use as long as appropriate credit is given both to the authors and to this publication. The views expressed in each paper are those of the authors of the paper. They do not necessarily represent or reflect the views of the UP KRC, its Editorial Committee, or of the University of the Philippines. This publication was funded by the 2022 Korea Foundation Policy-oriented Research Project Grant (Reference No. APL-20210830-0283) of the University of the Philippines Korea Research Center (UP KRC). ISSN (Online) 2546-0234 ISSN (Print) 2546-0226 UP Korea Research Center Address : University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines Email : pkrc@up.edu.ph Facebook : www.facebook.com/UPKRC Website : https://uprkrc.wordpress.com