The Journal of Brand Management Volume 7 Number 4
The Reputation Quotient
SM
: A multi-stakeholder
measure of corporate reputation
Charles J. Fombrun*, Naomi A. Gardberg and Joy M. Sever
'Address: New York University, Ster School of Business, 44 West 4th Street, New York, NY 10012,
USA;
Tel: +212-998-0211; Fax: +212-443-1006; E-mail: cfombrun@ster.nyu.edu
Received: 13th November 1999
Charles J. Fombrun is Professor of Manage
ment at the Ster School of Business, New York
University, and Executive Director of the Reputa
tion Institute, a private research organisation
dedicated to advancing knowledge about reputa
tion measurement, valuation and management.
He has published three books and over 50 arti
cles on organisational adaptation, strategic man
agement and corporate reputation. He is the
author of the acclaimed: 'Reputation: Realizing
Value for the Corporate Image',
(
Harvard Busi
ness School Press, 1996
)
.
Naomi A. Gardberg is a doctoral candidate
in management and interational business at the
Ster School of Business. Her current research
interests include crss-national formation, utilisa
tion and implications of intangible assets such as
reputational capital and organisational knowl
edge
Joy M. Sever, PhD, is a Senior Vice Presi
dent at Harris Interactive and Director of the
firm's Corporate Reputation Practice. She has
been responsible for reputation research con
ducted at times of crisis, before and after merg
ers, and as part of regular reputation monitoring.
She manages the Reputation
Q
uotient
SM
(
R
Q
)
research conducted in partnership with Profes
sor Charles Fombrun.
ABSTRACT
Measures of corporate reputation currently in
widespread use sufer from fundamental method
ological and conceptual weaknesses. This paper
begins with a brief overview i the reputation con
struct and its expected dimensionality. It then ex-
amines some i the major indices in use and docu
ments their principal weaknesses. A new instru
ment is proposed - 'the reputation quotientSM
(RQ - to measure corporate reputations and es
tablish its empirical validity and reliability
through focus groups and pilot studies. It con
cludes that the reputation quotient is a robust
measure of corporte reputations that considerably
improves the state of the art in reputation
measurement.
INTRODUCTION
Converging trends are making stakeholder
perceptions more critical to companies.
T hey invite managers to take a more active,
centralised, focused and scientifc approach
to communicating with those stakeholders
- an approach that is rapidly gaining cur
rency under the label of 'reputation manage
ment' in companies around the world.
As managerial interest in valuing and
managing corporate reputations has grown,
so too have academics begun incorporating
corporate reputations into their conceptual
models. To economists, reputations are traits
that signal a company's likely behaviours. To
strategists, a company's reputation is a barrier
to rivals, a source of competitive advantage.
To accountants, reputations are an intangible
asset, a form of goodwill whose value fuctu
ates in the marketplace. To marketers, repu
tations are perceptual assets with the power
to attract loyal customers. To students of or
ganisation, reputations are an outgrowth of a
company's identity, a crystallisation of what
Top:
Chares Fombrun
Centre:
Naomi Gardberg
Above:
Joy Sever
The Journal of Brand
Management, Vol. 7 No.4,
2000. pp. 241-255.
© Henry Stewart Publications,
U50-231X
Page 241