Open Agriculture. 2018; 3: 553–566
Keywords: transdisciplinary learning; transdisciplinary
pedagogy, transdisciplinary case studies, system analysis;
scenario development, higher education
1 Introduction
“Agricultural sciences nevertheless have to operate at the
interface between technological, economic, natural and social
systems; and between different knowledge systems and policy
arenas. They also have to provide credible science in a context
of competing narratives, and interpretations, of how to achieve
sustainable agriculture.“ (13th European IFSA Symposium,
2018, http://www.ifsa2018.gr/en/themes/symbosium_themes).
As a response, the 18th IFSA Symposium called for the
integration of science, technology, policy and practice
and asked what competencies key actors in these fields
need to enhance a dialogue between them (13th European
IFSA Symposium 2018). The integration of scientists and
non-scientists to solve complex real-world problems
can be called transdisciplinary research (see Hadorn
et al. 2008). A transdisciplinary dialogue between key
actors indeed seems to be fundamental for solving
such complex, real-world problems, and ultimately for
sustainable development (Krainer and Winiwarte 2016;
Lang et al. 2012). To understand food and farming systems,
transdisciplinary approaches are essential as research in
this field should be participatory (Darnhofer et al. 2012)
and include stakeholders throughout the entire research
process (see the development of farming systems research
in Bingen and Gibbon (2012). Although transdisciplinary
research has experienced a rise in popularity since its
emergence in the late 1970s, it still faces a large number of
cultural, institutional, organizational and psychological
challenges (Lang et al. 2012). One necessary and often
overlooked solution in overcoming such challenges is
education and training of students in higher education.
https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2018-0059
received June 24, 2018; accepted October 13, 2018
Abstract: In this paper we evaluate whether the course
“System Analysis and Scenario Technique” at BOKU
University can equip students with the necessary
competencies to perform transdisciplinary research to
foster the integration of science, technology, policy and
practice. Furthermore, we investigate what the most
effective didactic methods applied in the course are,
and whether the course qualifies as transdisciplinary
pedagogy. The course follows the simplified framework of
a transdisciplinary case study and tries to transfer such an
approach into the traditional curricula of Master programs.
An online survey among former participants of the course
was conducted. Results for the years 2015/16 and 2016/17
indicate that the course indeed has potential to increase
transdisciplinary competencies among participants and
could therefore qualify as transdisciplinary pedagogy.
Students expressed that work with real-world cases
and stakeholders from outside the university was the
most effective didactic method. However, the study also
showed that there were limits in integrating real-world
cases within the course. Students complained about the
high workload and time constraints. Short-term solutions
might include optimizing case selection and student
guidance. Long-term solutions beg for a reorganization
of traditional Austrian curricula that would allow for the
appropriate arrangement of the course with other classes.
These results highlight some of the advantages, but also
drawbacks of moving transdisciplinary education outside
of standard curricula.
Research Article
Valentin Fiala*, Bernhard Freyer, Milena Klimek, Alexandre Fahringer
How do you teach transdisciplinary competences
for food and farming systems research? Insights
from the course “System Analysis and Scenario
Technique”
*Corresponding author: Valentin Fiala, University of Natural
Resources and Life Science, Vienna (BOKU), Austria, E-mail:
valentin.fiala@boku.ac.at
Bernhard Freyer, Milena Klimek, Alexandre Fahringer, University of
Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna (BOKU), Austria
Open Access. © 2018 Valentin Fiala et al., published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License.