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International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2016; 4(3): 45-51
ISSN: 2347-5129
(ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62
(GIF) Impact Factor: 0.352
IJFAS 2016; 4(3): 45-51
© 2016 IJFAS
www.fisheriesjournal.com
Received: 06-03-2016
Accepted: 07-04-2016
Owato Gilbert Omondi
Kenya marine and Fisheries
Research Institute P.O Box
81651, Mombasa
Olendi Robert
University of Eldoret P.O.Box
1125 Eldoret
Steve Omari Ngodhe
Rongo University College P.O
Box 103-40404-Rongo
Correspondence
Owato Gilbert Omondi
Kenya marine and Fisheries
Research Institute P.O Box
81651, Mombasa
Assessment of Primary productivity, Nutrient levels and
Trophic status of Kuinet dam, Kenya
Owato Gilbert Omondi, Olendi Robert, Steve Omari Ngodhe
Abstract
This study was carried out in Kuinet (Chepkongi) Dam within Uasin-Gishu County, Kenya to assess
primary productivity, nutrient levels and trophic status of the dam. Water samples were collected at four
sampling stations (inflow, outflow and in the middle) of the dam monthly from November 2014 to
January 2015. The samples were used to assess the chloropyhll-a, net primary productivity and the main
physico-chemical variables. Phytoplankton was sampled using a phytoplankton net, identified and
counted using an inverted electronic microscope. Canonical Correspondences Analyses was carried on to
ascertain the correspondence relationships of the sampled parameters. The trophic status was calculated
using the Carlson method considering the parameters: chloropyhll-a, Secchi Depth and Total Phosphorus.
The phytoplankton community of Kuinet Dam is composed mainly of four families; Bacillariophyceae
and Chlorophyceae families each had 11 species followed by Cyanophyceae with 5 species and
Desmidiaceae with 3 species. The family Chlorophyceae dominated in abundance in all months. Net
primary productivity ranged from 0.182±0.09 mgO2L
-1
d
- 1
in December to 0.299±0.13 mgO2L
-1
d
-1
in
November. Dissolved Oxygen, net primary productivity, Biological Oxygen Demand and temperature
displayed similar trends during the three sampling months. Chlorophyceae had near correspondence with
these three parameters than the others according to CCA. The trophic status of the Dam resulted both
mesotrophic and eutrophic. From the study, we reject the HO hence the primary productivity of Kuinet
dam favors aquaculture during the dry spell period. This in turn aids in facilitating the achievement of
attaining the estimated potential production level of 2000 tons according the Uasin Gishu district
environment action plan 2009-2013.
Keywords: Assessment, Primary productivity, Nutrient level, Trophic status, Kuinet dam
1. Introduction
Primary productivity is a desirable attribute for environmental health of surface waters (dams,
rivers, lakes, estuaries and oceans)
[13]
. The critical importance of ensuring an optimum
environmental quality of any aquatic environment is a major factor in obtaining good
productivity and ultimately high fish yields (Ryder, et al. 1982.)
The quality of surface waters in this environment is determined by the chemical, physical and
biological characteristics but owing to inadequate management of wastes, freshwater for
production potential has been reduced due to widespread pollution. Previous studies have
shown deterioration of water quality and low faunal abundance and diversity caused by stress
imposed by effluents from land based sources
[11]
. This, therefore, calls for continuous
investigation into the processes that occur in our water systems.
There is need to know the trophic status of dams/reservoirs ecosystems in order to know the
aquaculture potential, which have not yet been exploited much for aquaculture production
despite their potential, since this information is not available despite their potential
[13]
.
Among the 3,000 minor reservoirs (<0.1km
2
) in Kenya that have been constructed to supply
water for industrial and domestic use, irrigation farming and watering livestock and wildlife
(Balarin, 1985), many reservoirs have been stocked with fish, with the aim of increasing their
productivity and support local livelihoods. Before the year 2030, the Kenyan government has
plans to add around 2,000 dams in arid areas
[20]
.
Among the constructed dams to supply farmers with water for irrigation
[25]
, some have been
stocked with fish, however, their suitability and potential for aquaculture is not yet established.
In Uasin Gishu country there are over 120 dams with an average annual production of 3000kg
of fish and the fisheries production patterns in these environment has been increasing
drastically and has an estimated potential production level of 2000tons, this has a drawback