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Intensity of relief geodynamic processes in the Coastal Lowland, Lithuania: based on
cartographic analysis
Loreta Šutinienė, Algimantas Česnulevičius*, Artūras Bautrėnas,
Neringa Mačiulevičiūtė-Turlienė
Šutinienė, L., Česnulevičius, A., Bautrėnas, A., Mačiulevičiūtė-Turlienė, N. 2022. Intensity of relief geodynamic processes
in the Coastal Lowland, Lithuania: based on cartographic analysis. Baltica, 35 (2), 114–124. Vilnius. E-ISSN 1648-858X.
Manuscript submitted 3 March 2022 / Accepted 14 July 2022 / Available online 17 October 2022
© Baltica 2022
Abstract. The article overviews the indirect methods employed in assessing the intensity of geodynamic proc-
esses. These methods involve using and analysing various spatial topographic and thematic databases, includ-
ing the databases of ortho-photo images, bogs and peatlands, CORINE land cover, crop felds, forest cadastre,
food-prone areas, the geomorphologic database, the database of relief cadastre as well as that of reclamation
status and wet soils. In this study, the intensity of geodynamic processes was estimated using mathematical
models, which include a number of factors behind surface transformation (accumulation/degradation) process-
es, i.e., the origin of the terrain, its morphographic and morphometric indicators, lithology, soil cover, the de-
gree of sediment and soil wetness, and natural vegetation cover. In addition, the impact of the factors inhibiting
surface erosion (ratio of clay and sand particles in the surface layer, slope inclination, humus content in soil,
binary nature of soil-forming sediments) was evaluated. The cartographic analysis results were compared with
the data obtained from the terrain investigation in key areas. The surface analysis based on the spatial distribu-
tion of geomorphological relief types, their roughness, land cover, forest, soil types, reclamation and soaked
lands shows that weak defation (up to 1 mm / year, 1214.8 km²), weak erosion (up to 1 mm / year, 367.1 km²)
and medium biogenic accumulation (1–2 mm / year, 223.5 km²) are taking place in the Coastal Lowland.
Keywords: cartographic analysis, accumulation, erosion, defation, morphographic and morphometric indexes
Loreta Šutinienė (loreta.sutiniene@gf.vu.lt),
Algimantas Česnulevičius* (algimantas.cesnulevicius@gf.vu.lt) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3912-2403,
Artūras Bautrėnas (arturas.bautrenas@gf.vu.lt),
Neringa Mačiulevičiūtė-Turlienė (neringa.maciuleviciute@gf.vu.lt),
Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21/27, Vilnius, Lithuania
*Corresponding author
INTRODUCTION
Natural (direct) research into geodynamic processes
is complicated and expensive. In addition, it is diffcult
to perform measurements of geodynamic processes in
slightly larger areas. The problem is usually solved ei-
ther by conducting detailed surveys in reference areas
and extrapolating the results obtained to a wider area,
or by applying indirect measurement methods, one
of which is the comprehensive analysis of the carto-
graphic material. However, the cartographic approach
to research always faces the problem of research scal-
ability. The wider the analysed areas are, the more
generalized data are used for analysis, and the more
generalized measurement results are obtained. For
a long time, the cartographic method was employed
only when analysing the geodynamic processes that
create relatively large (meso-rank) relief forms. The
application of GIS and remote methods (LiDAR de-
vices) allows collecting spatial information on small
(micro-rank) terrain forms (Udin et al. 2012; Niet-
hammer et al. 2011; Colomina, Molina 2014). On the
other hand, extremely large volumes of information
on surface dissections and roughness force researchers
BALTICA Volume 35 Number 2 December 2022: 114–124
https://doi.org/10.5200/baltica.2022.2.2