A Kibble balance as part of a quantum measurement institute in one room at NIST Lorenz Keck 1, 2 , Frank Seifert 1, 3 , Stephan Schlamminger 1 , David Newell 1 , René Theska 2 , Darine Haddad 1 1 National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, 2 Technische Universitaet Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Thuringia, GE, 3 University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA Lorenz.Keck@nist.gov Summary: The new Kibble balance at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is part of the Quantum Electro-Mechanical Metrology Suite (QEMMS). Two quantum standards are incorporated directly in the electrical circuit of the Kibble balance for the realization of the unit of mass. This elimi- nates the need for external calibration in the Kibble balance experiment. The targeted uncertainty is 2 μg on a 100 g mass and a range from 10 g to 200 g will be covered. We introduce the measurement concept of the QEMMS, show the current state of development and publish first measurements prov- ing the performance of the newly designed balance mechanics. Keywords: quantum measurements, quantum SI, mass metrology, Kibble balance, mechanism Introduction Highly accurate Kibble balances today can pro- vide primary realizations of the kilogram with relative combined uncertainties of 2 parts in 10 8 [1]. Until 2019 a worldwide effort has been made towards redefining the kilogram within the International System of Units (SI) to create a definition of this fundamental base-unit tracea- ble to unchanging constants of nature, and not to a physical object. The Kibble balance was developed to fix a value of the last puzzle piece of quantum constants missing for the success of the redefinition: Planck’s constant. It was measured based on the current value of the International Prototype Kilogram (IPK). Thus, balances were designed for a 1 kg mass meas- urement and due to sufficient agreement of various other experiments on the part per billion level, a value for Planck’s constant could be agreed upon. Now this value can be used to define the kilogram through the Kibble balance. The QEMMS Not only the Planck’s constant is important for traceability in the Kibble balance experiment, also the speed of light, charge of an electron, and the definition of the second are vital for operation. Voltage, resistance, time and length measurements are traced back to these con- stants and thus they build the foundation of calibration of the Kibble balance itself. All quan- tities except for electrical resistance are typical- ly directly measured by their respective primary standards. Fig. 1. The QEMMS in the lab at NIST. 1 – Kibble balance; 2 – Cryostat with graphene quantum Hall array standard; 3 – PJVS; 4 – hardware rack; 5 – absolute gravimeter; 6, 7, 8 – vacuum chamber and lift; 9 – desk with PC; 10 – operator During the weighing mode electric current through the coil needs to be measured to quan- tify the magnitude of generated electromagnetic force from the magnet-coil system. Here, mostly calibrated resistors are being used and a pre- cisely measurable voltage drop over these can be analyzed to quantify current according to Ohm’s law. Recently, scientists at NIST were able to build a graphene quantum Hall array standard capable to maintain quantization dur- DOI 10.5162/SMSI2023/B6.1 SMSI 2023 Conference – Sensor and Measurement Science International 125