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Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2019; 7(2): 38-42
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2019; 7(2): 38-42
© 2019 JEZS
Received: 21-01-2019
Accepted: 23-02-2019
SH Shweta
M. Sc. (Hort.) Entomology
University of Horticultural
Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka,
India
N Gangadhar
Assistant Professor and Head,
Department of Entomology
University of Horticultural
Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka,
India
JB Gopali
Professor, Department of
Entomology, University of
Horticultural Sciences,
Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
MP Basavarajappa
Assistant Professor, Department
of Plant Pathology University of
Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot,
Karnataka, India
HP Hadimani
Assistant Professor, Department
of Vegetable Science University
of Horticultural Sciences,
Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
Correspondence
SH Shweta
M. Sc. (Hort.) Entomology
University of Horticultural
Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka,
India
Bio-efficacy of synthetic insecticides against onion
thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera:
Thripidae)
SH Shweta, N Gangadhar, JB Gopali, MP Basavarajappa and HP
Hadimani
Abstract
The experiment was conducted under field condition at Haveli Farm, University of Horticultural
sciences, Bagalkot to evaluate the efficacy of synthetic insecticides against onion thrips during kharif
season (2017 - 18). The experiment plot area was replicated thrice and eight treatments with randomised
block design. The results revealed that thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 25 g a.i./ha recorded significantly lowest
population of thrips after first, second and third spray during the experimental period by recording 4.90
thrips per plant which was at par with imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 22.25 g a.i./ha with 5.19 thrips per plant
indicating the superiority of both the treatments against onion thrips. The next best treatments were,
cyazypyr10.26 OD @ 76.95 g a.i./ha, diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 250 g a.i./ha and tolfenpyrad 15 EC @
150 g a.i./ha with 6.89, 7.29 and 7.56 thrips per plant, respectively. Whereas, lamda cyhalothrin 5 EC @
12.5 g a.i./ha and chlorfenapyr 10 SC @ 12.5 g a.i./ ha found to be least effective in reducing thrips
population with 8.67 and 8.46 thrips/plant. The data on bulb yield indicated that highest bulb yield was
registered in thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 25 g a.i./ha and imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 22.25 g a.i./ha treated
plots with 25.39 and 24.67 t per hectare, respectively. Whereas, minimum bulb yield was noticed with
lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 12.50 g a.i./ha treated plots (17.94 t/ha).
Keywords: Onion thrips, synthetic insecticides, bulb yield
1. Introduction
Onion (Allium cepa L.) belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae (Alliaceae) is one of the most
important commercial vegetable and condiment crop grown in India for more than 5000 years.
It is consumed throughout the socioeconomic spectrum
[1]
. India is the second largest onion
producing country in the world, next only to china. It contributes 11.9 per cent of total onion
production in the world with a production of 215.63 lakh tones and 21.2 MT/ha productivity
with an area of 1.27 million ha. Major onion producing states are Maharashtra, Karnataka,
Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Haryana. In Karnataka, it
occupies an area of 0.19 million ha with production of 27.67 lakh tones and productivity of
14.16 MT/ha. Dharwad, Chitradurga, Bijapur, Bellary and Gulbarga are major districts of
onion cultivation in Karnataka
[2]
. Onion crop is subjected to attack by various insect pests
right from seedling stage to harvest, that can reduce yield and quality. The important ones are
onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, head borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), onion
maggot, Delia antiqua (Meigen), tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and cut
worm Agrotis ipsilon (Hufn.)
[3]
. Among the insect pests, onion thrips, Thrips tabaci is one of
the major limiting factor in reducing the productivity and reported to cause significant
economic losses up to 30-50 per cent
[4]
.
Onion thrips is a cosmopolitan pest which is recorded on more than 300 species of host plants
mainly cabbage, cotton, carnation, garlic, onion and cereals especially wheat
[5]
. Both nymphs
and adults are the damaging stages which feed by rasping the leaves and other tissues of plants
and suck the sap, as a result, it causes silver patches and streaks on leaves. Besides direct
damage to foliage, it can indirectly aggravate purple blotch
[6]
. It is also a vector of “Iris
Yellow Spot Virus” which is a tospovirus causing adverse effects on bulb and seed yield of
onion crop in India. More often use of insecticides is one of the most common and popular
methods of thrips control on onion crop. These chemicals need to be used wisely in the control
or management of any key pest like onion thrips with due consideration of cost economics and