1 RESEARCH ARTICLE Reliability and Validity Evidence for an Academic Gender Equity Questionnaire Terri Warholak, PhD, RPh, a Jamie C. Barner, PhD, b Elizabeth Unni, PhD, MBA, BPharm, c Tyan F. Thomas, PharmD, MSMEd, d Radhika Devraj, PhD, e Ana C. Quiñones-Boex, PhD, MS, f Michelle L. Blakely, PhD, MEd, g Michelle A. Clark, PhD, h Adriane N. Irwin, PharmD, MS, i Karen Nagel-Edwards, PhD, f Katie J. Suda, PharmD, MS, j,k David Zgarrick, PhD, l Henry N. Young, PhD, m David Nau, PhD, n Lourdes G. Planas, PhD o a University of Arizona, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, Arizona b University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas c Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, New York d Philadelphia College of Pharmacy at the University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania e Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois f Midwestern University, College of Pharmacy-Downers Grove Campus, Downers Grove, Illinois g University of Wyoming, School of Pharmacy, Laramie, Wyoming h Nova Southeastern University, College of Pharmacy, Fort Lauderdale, Florida i Oregon State University, College of Pharmacy, Corvallis, Oregon j VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania k University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania l Northeastern University, Bouve College of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts m University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia n Ohio Northern University-Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ada, Ohio o University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Corresponding author: Terri Warholak, PhD, Assistant Dean, Academic Affairs and Assessment, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Drachman, B307D, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721-0202. Phone: 520-235-5529. Email: warholak@pharmacy.arizona.edu. Submitted February 2, 2022; accepted June 2, 2022; ePublished November 2022. Objective: The majority of practicing pharmacists and student pharmacists are women. However, instruments to assess perceptions of gender equity within pharmacy academia are not available. The objective of this manuscript is to describe the psychometric analysis of a questionnaire developed to assess gender equity by a Gender Equity Task Force and to report reliability and validity evidence. Methods: A questionnaire was created, including 21 five-point scale questions addressing: teaching; research; service; advancement; mentoring; recruitment; and gender of college leaders. The survey was distributed via email in December 2020 to all social and administrative science section members of two professional associations. Rasch analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability and validity evidence for the questionnaire. Results: After reverse coding, all items met parameters for unidimensionality necessary for Rasch analysis. Once adjacent categories were merged to create a 3-point scale, the scale and items met parameters for appropriate functionality. Items were ordered hierarchically in order of difficulty. The modified instrument and scale can be treated as interval level data for future use. Conclusion: This analysis shows that there is reliability and validity evidence for the gender equity questionnaire for use in the social and administrative academic pharmacy population if recommended edits such as the 3-point scale are used. Future research on gender equity can benefit from use of a psychometrically sound questionnaire for data collection. Keywords: gender equity; academia; pharmacy; Rasch analysis INTRODUCTION AJPE Accepted Draft PAP Manuscript Copyright 2022 by American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy . by guest on November 25, 2023. © 2022 American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy http://www.ajpe.org Downloaded from