Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences ISSN: 2231-6345 (Online)
An Open Access, Online International Journal Available at http://www.cibtech.org/jls.htm
2014 Vol. 4 (2) April-June, pp.89-98/Pashapour et al.
Research Article
© Copyright 2014 | Centre for Info Bio Technology (CIBTech) 89
A COMPARISON OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE,
ATTITUDE, AND PERFORMANCE OF MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES OF
TWO AREAS OF THE MUNICIPALITY AND PRESENTING SOME
TECHNIQUES FOR LEARNING UPGRADING (12 AND 13 AREAS OF
TEHRAN CITY’S MUNICIPALITY)
*Zahra Pas hapour
1
, Lobat Taghavi
1
, Nematallah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard
2
and Naser
Moharramne jad
1
1
Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Environment and Energy, Science and
Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Environmental Technology Research Center and School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of
Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
*Author for Correspondence
ABSTRACT
The environmental learning is a means for achieving appropriate and positive environmental attitudes.
The aim of the environmental learning is having citizens with the environmental literacy who in group or
individually tend to take measures to protect and promote balance between human life quality and the
environment quality. The emergence of the environmental problems and its cumulative trend is a topic for
discussion for most of the economic and social experts. Therefore, this study discusses the environmental
behavior of municipal employees of two areas (12, 13) based on their environmental knowledge, attitude
and performances. The study is a descriptive and a kind of survey research which uses questionnaires on
behavior assessment in order to collect data. The questionnaires were given to 260 municipal employees
of zone 12 and to 240 municipal employees of zone 13. The results show that more than half of the
municipal employees of the two areas agree or completely agree on appropriate behavior toward the
environment. The data also show that the employees’ knowledge about the environment al behaviors was
above average. Finally, about half of the employees declared that typically master protection skills of the
environment, however comparing to the environmental knowledge, attitude, and performance of the
employees of the two municipal areas (12, 13) the outcomes indicated that the employees of both areas
have lower knowledge about the environmental attitude and performance. Also, the environmental
knowledge, attitude, and performance of area 12 are lower than that of area 13. In other words, the
environmental knowledge, attitude, and performance of area 13 are more appreciable.
Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Performance Environmental, Behavioral Environmental, Municipal
Employees
INTRODUCTION
Nature and the environment is God’s grace which includes all creatures, natural resources, as well as
coordinated factors and conditions surrounding each creature on which life is dependent. The
environment is a place to live and it provides the most basic human beings’ needs that are of daily
growing importance. Unfortunately, during his ruling on this planet, human being have been using natural
resources uncontrolledly and without planning, causing air and soil pollutions and destroyed the earth’s
biological power (Edhami, 2012). For the first time, since the agriculture era began and man was able to
reside at one constant place at twelve thousand years ago, humans’ economic activity on a group scale
substituted systems and biophysics process of the world in such a way that have endangered both
ecological sustainability and geopolitical security (Ress and Wackemagel, 1996). Industrialization
destroys humans’ ecosystem. The world is in the crisis of ecosystem and the environment is threatened by
mankind (Stone, 2006). Wrong use of nature and the natural resources has encountered many countries to
many problems relating to ecosystem. Current ecosystem crises in addition to population explosion,