African Journal of Health Sciences Volume 34, Issue No. 2, March – April 2021 240 Neuropsychological Changes in Tuberculosis Patients following Treatment: A preliminary study Ernest Yorke 1* , Kelvin Acquaye 2, Nora Nkornu 3 , Vincent Boima 1 , Ida Dzifa Dey 1 , Vincent Ganu 4 , Maame-Boatemaa Amissah-Arthur 1 , Dela Fiagbe and C. Charles Mate-Kole 3,5,6 1. Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, School of Medicine & Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana. 2. School of Public Health, University of Ghana 3. Department of Psychology, College of Humanities, University of Ghana 4. Department of Medicine, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital 5. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine & Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu. 6. Centre for Ageing Studies, College of Humanities, University of Ghana *Corresponding author: Dr. Ernest Yorke, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana. Email: eyorke@ug.edu.gh / pavlovium@yahoo.com Source Funding: This study was funded by the authors. Summary INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB) is reported to lead to significant neuropsychological problems such as depression and anxiety in addition to poor quality of life. These problems may impact adherence to treatment and disease outcomes. In the present preliminary study we assessed the effects of TB treatment on the neuropsychological profile of newly diagnosed smear-positive TB patients MATERIALS AND METHODS Repeated measures design was adopted. Participants were administered neuropsychological tests and quality of life measures at diagnosis and at month six after treatment. RESULTS Significant improvement was observed on the Immediate (Pre- test Mean = 18.5, SD= 9.2, Post-test M= 30.0, SD= 23.2) t(21) = -2.38, p= .027) and Delayed (Pre-test Mean = 4.7, SD= 2.9, Post-test M= 6.6, SD= 2.4), t(21) = -4.98, p< .001) recall of the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) Short Form, Further, on the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), psychological distress significantly decreased after treatment compared to the initial testing (pre-test M= .709, SD= .601, post-test M= .322, SD= .423), t (20) = 2.41, p= .026 (two-tailed). CONCLUSION Neuropsychological functioning among TB patients was impacted positively by anti-tuberculous medications. Neuropsychological assessment should be considered an integral part of treatment and management of TB patients. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Smear Positive, Dysglycaemia, Neuropsychological Disorders [Afr. J. Health Sci. 2021 34(2):240-249]