Research Article Open Access Quality in Primary Care (2017) 25 (5): 289-296 Research Artcle 2017 Insight Medical Publishing Group Health Care Provider’s Perceptions about and Experiences of Achieving Equitable Health Care: An Evaluation Study Osman Aytar School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 325, SE-63105, Eskilstuna, Sweden Per Tillgren School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, 72123, Västerås, Sweden Anne Söderlund School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, 72123, Västerås, Sweden Lennart Bogg School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, 72123, Västerås, Sweden Sharareh Akhavan School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, 72123, Västerås, Sweden Background: In June 2011 the Swedish government signed an agreement with The Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR), for a three year project to develop and implement “Health care on equal terms.” The project, which involved seven Primary Health Care Units (PHCU) from fve county councils in different parts in Sweden, was completed in early 2014. The aim of the project was to develop methods and activities that could promote more equal health care provision in socio-economically disadvantaged areas. Aim: To assess and compare health care providers’ experiences of and perceptions about equitable health care at the beginning and end of the national project “Health care on equal terms”. Methods: A web survey was sent to all staff at the seven participating Primary Health Care Units (PHCU) at the beginning (2012) and the end (2013) of the project. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and the open issues with content analysis. Results: In 2013, the percentage of health care providers who reported thinking patients’ ethnicity had no or very little impact on access to care increased, but the proportion of those who reported that they had “no idea” that patients’ gender, age, mental health and physical functioning were signifcant for access to care was lower in 2013 than in 2012. The results from analysis of the open-ended questions did not show meaningful changes in the respondents’ perceptions of the issues addressed in 2012-2013, but the analysis contributes to a deeper explanation of the answers. Conclusion: The main conclusion is that it was possible to implement changes aiming for more equitable care through projects with a focus on learning. Keywords: Sweden; Primary health care providers; Equity; Health services research ABSTRACT How this fts in with quality in primary care? What do we know? On the central attributes of primary care and different patient groups, there are many studies and seeking after new knowledge continues. Previous research has shown that necessary efforts are not easy to implement within primary care regarding themes as patients’ gender, ethnicity, age, mental health and physical functioning. Previous research also has shown that communication among colleagues, collaboration within the team, routines, personnel and time, and the fnancial situation are important for equitable care, but communication is not easy to establish on a level which primary care needs. What does this paper add? This paper adds knowledge about how Primary Health Care Units (PHCU) developed and tested activities to promote a more equitable care. Combination of learning seminars and team works between seminar periods, and involvement of researchers in the project from the beginning to the end has led to development of some working methods to handle some diffculties and weaknesses mentioned above. Using a perspective called “ongoing evaluation” in conjunction with a program-theoretical evaluation perspective during development of working methods is also a contribution from our study.