A Study on Perception of Managing Infectious Disease through Social Networking in
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
F.A. Alanezi1, F.Hussain1 and H.Q.Yu1
1
Bedfordshire University, London, UK
Abstract— The impact of infectious disease on the human
population is very dangerous as it could cause severe damage,
disruption in human life and can result in many deaths. There is
an immediate need for effectively managing the infectious
diseases and stop their spreading across other regions. The
Infectious Disease management (IDM) process in a country like
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), which is one of the
developing countries with wide range of healthcare
complications, and being one of the countries with high tourist
inflow (hajj tourists) has to be very effective and efficient.
Considering these factors, this paper presents the preliminary
results of the stage one of the research work intended for
developing a web IDM system integrating social networking
concept. The study presented in this paper followed a mixed
method strategy using survey questionnaires and the interviews
as the part of data collection and analysis for assessing the
perception of IDM through social networking in KSA. The
outcome of the study indicated that most of the young
participants supported the idea of using social networking in
IDM. Other key outcomes include high level acceptance of using
web technology and social networking with mapping strategy for
creating awareness among the patients through education and
information exchange.
within the participation.
Keywords—Web infectious disease management; social networking
for healthcare; infectious disease; e-health; Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia.
I. INTRODUCTION
Infectious diseases can lead to a major endemic or
pandemic outbreak that could have devastating outcomes. The
world has experienced such devastating events through the
time whether it is Black Death or the recent Ebola outbreak.
The seriousness of the infectious diseases should never be
underlined, as the effects can be stable or could be instant
causing major disruption in human life. According to the
World Health Organization Report [1], about 23% of the
global deaths in the year 2012 are cause due to infectious
diseases. However, the seriousness should not only be
understood on the basis of number of deaths, but number of
infections should also be considered. An example of the
number of cases of HIV/AIDS, and TB can present an
overview of the seriousness of infectious diseases. Since the
beginning of epidemic, about 75 million people are infected
with HIV and about 36 million people died because of HIV,
and there are about 35.3 million people living who are infected
with HIV in the year 2012, and 1.6 million people died
because of HIV in 2012 [2]. About 9 million new TB cases are
found alone in the year 2013, and about 1.5 million deaths are
caused due to TB in the year 2013 alone.
Therefore, it is very essential and necessary to effectively
manage the infectious diseases to prevent any damage to the
human life. The world is changing rapidly, with new
inventions and the technology development in different areas.
Utilizing the effective technology solutions can help in
managing the spread of infectious diseases more effectively.
In recent years, there have been an increasing number of
studies on the effectiveness of infectious disease management
(IDM) system globally [3][4][5]. The study process and the
outcomes of these studies are analyzed, and the effective
outcomes are presented systematically in the Table 1.
However, most of these studies are conducted for in the USA,
Europe and developed countries. Although the Gulf region has
one of the highest users globally of internet and social
networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter [6].
TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON E-HEALTH
TECHNOLOGIES AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT
Author,
Year
Reviewed
Studies
Details Outcome/ Analysis
Mosa et
al., 2012
55 articles,
discussing 83
healthcare
applications
57 healthcare applications
categorised for healthcare
professionals; 11 for medical
and nursing students; 15 for
patients.
The use of smartphone applications are proving to
be effective in managing and delivering healthcare
services, and is increasing. The healthcare
applications can also be used for educating the
patients.
Blaya et
al., 2010
15 qualitative
studies, 8
descriptive
studies, and
32 controlled
studies
A total of 45 studies have been
included mostly from the
developing countries, with
maximum studies from India,
South Africa, and Kenya.
e-health technologies have a positive impact and
can be promising in managing and delivering the
healthcare services in the developing countries.
Need for donors and investors to sponsor outside
evaluations so that e-health technologies can be
well-targetted.
Deglise et
al., 2012
123 studies
covering 98
healthcare
applications.
The 98 applications are
categorised under prevention
(n=33), surveillance (n=19),
disease management (n=29),
compliance (n=17), and then
accordingly specified these
functionalities for different
diseases.
Mobile phones are promising tools for disease
control, and management. SMS supported
healthcare services can address certain healthcare
needs and proved to be cost-effective in
developing countries.
Considering these aspects, this research focuses on the
infectious disease management in the Gulf region particularly
in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which is one of the middle-
income group nations.KSA has a national healthcare system,
and the Ministry of Health (MoH) is responsible for managing
the healthcare services in the country. It is one of the
important places of international tourism; mainly the hajj
tourists from different parts of the world visit the country on a
pilgrimage. As there is vast moment of international tourists
the possibility for the spread of infectious disease is very high
2016 IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, IEEE International Conference on Embedded
and Ubiquitous Computing, and International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Applications to Business, Engineering
and Science
2016 IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, IEEE International Conference on Embedded
and Ubiquitous Computing, and International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Applications to Business, Engineering
and Science
2016 IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, IEEE International Conference on Embedded
and Ubiquitous Computing, and International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Applications to Business, Engineering
and Science
2016 IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, IEEE International Conference on Embedded
and Ubiquitous Computing, and International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Applications to Business, Engineering
and Science
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