https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X20944348
Journal of Classical Sociology
1–23
© The Author(s) 2020
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DOI: 10.1177/1468795X20944348
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In the shadow of sociology:
Bateson through the lens of
Durkheim
Jørn Bjerre
Aarhus University, Denmark
Abstract
Gregory Bateson developed his transdisciplinary thinking in the shadow of sociology, but his
ideas are not generally viewed as part of the field of classical sociology. This article will explain
this exclusion by arguing that Bateson’s way of theorising – while attempting to make progress
in the understanding of reality – returns to ideas that were already rejected within the field in
which he first worked. Furthermore, as a reading of Bateson through the lens of Durkheim will
show, Bateson’s theories fail to provide a better understanding of social reality than those of
his predecessors. This type of critical analysis demonstrates the weakness of some of Bateson’s
central claims and contributes to a more in-depth understanding and reassessment of his ideas
from a sociological perspective. Pointing out that Bateson’s critique of the modern worldview
is based on a pre-critical and pre-modern philosophy of wholeness is not to invalidate Bateson’s
foundational intuition that our current mode of thinking challenges our chances of surviving as
a species. However, in order to make a theoretically convincing argument concerning how our
thinking challenges our survival, a more critical understanding of the relation between mind and
society than the one Bateson offers is required.
Keywords
Bateson, cybernetics, systems theory, Durkheim, progress, social reality
Gregory Bateson was an anthropologist by training, influenced by Alfred Radcliffe-
Brown and Ruth Benedict, who were inspired in turn by classical sociologists such as
Emile Durkheim. Bateson’s early ideas concerning the morphology of social relations
developed as he studied Iatmul culture were, in the words of Charles Nuckolls (1995),
‘anticipated by Durkheim’ (p. 383). Gregory Bateson thus developed his transdisciplinary
Corresponding author:
Jørn Bjerre, Danish School of Education, Faculty of Arts, Aarhus University, Room 548, Building 1483, Jens
Chr. Skous Vej 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Email: jbje@edu.au.dk
944348JCS 0 0 10.1177/1468795X20944348Journal of Classical SociologyBjerre
research-article 2020
Article