Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management (2023) 2350015 (27 pages) © World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd. DOI: 10.1142/S1464333223500151 Page Proof WSPC/154-JEAPM 2350015 ISSN: 1464-3332 2350015-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 The Impact of Green Human Resource Management on Employee Empowerment and Pro-Environmental Behaviour in Pakistan’s Manufacturing Industry Hafiza Safia Shaukat *,|| , Tian Soon Ong †,** , Mui Yee Cheok ‡,†† , Shahid Bashir §,‡‡ and Hassan Zafar ¶,§§ * Department of Business Management, University of Punjab, Pakistan † Henley Business School, University of Reading Malaysia, Kota Ilmu Education City, 79200 Johor Baru, Malaysia ‡ Universiti Tun Abdul Razak, Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia § Business School, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico ¶ School of Business and Management, Beijing Institute of Technology, P. R. China || hafza.shaukat@pugc.edu.pk ** tsoonongmy.edu@gmail.com †† cheokmy@unirazak.edu.my ‡‡ shahid.bashir@tec.mx §§ hassan.zafar89@gmail.com Received 24 April 2023 Revised 14 June 2023 Accepted 17 June 2023 Published This study examines the correlation between green human resource management (GHRM), environmental performance (EP), and pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) among Pakistan’s large-scale manufacturing industry employees. GHRM is a management approach to improve EP and encourage PEBs. The study assesses the infuence of GHRM on EP and employee behaviours and the moderating effect of employee empowerment. Partial least squares (PLS) analysis evaluates the measurement model. The study finds a significant and positive association between GHRM and PEBs. However, there is no direct impact of GHRM on EP. Instead, the study reveals an indirect positive impact of GHRM on EP through PEBs. Employee empowerment moderates the direct impact of GHRM on EP. The findings highlight the importance of PEBs and employee empowerment in the rela- tionship between GHRM and EP in Pakistan’s manufacturing industry. The study suggests that manufacturing firms should adopt GHRM practices, incentivise and recognise PEBs, and empower employees to drive environmental initiatives. It has theoretical and practical implications for researchers and practitioners in the manufacturing industry. ** Corresponding author. 2350015.indd 1 2350015.indd 1 07/12/23 12:00:27 PM 07/12/23 12:00:27 PM