Copyright@ Ikuo Kashiwakura | Biomed J Sci & Tech Res| BJSTR. MS.ID.002768. 11642 Short Communication ISSN: 2574 -1241 Analysis of Oxidative Stress Markers in Plasma Derived from Individuals Exposed to Ionizing Radiation Ayaka Nishiyama, Masaru Yamaguchi, Takakiyo Tsujiguchi and Ikuo Kashiwakura* Department of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8203, Japan *Corresponding author: Ikuo Kashiwakura, Department of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8203, Japan DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.15.002768 Received: March 03, 2019 Published: March 12, 2019 Citation: Ayaka Nishiyama, Masaru Yamaguchi, Takakiyo Tsujiguchi, Ikuo Kashiwakura. Analysis of Oxidative Stress Markers in Plasma Derived from Individuals Exposed to Ionizing Radi- ation. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 15(5)- 2019. BJSTR. MS.ID.002768. Abbreviations: BAP: Biological An- tioxidant Potential; BM-MNCs: Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells; d-ROMs: Reactive Oxygen Metabolites; DMPD: N, N Diethyl P Phenylendiamine; DSBs: Double Strand Breaks; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species ARTICLE INFO abstract Ionizing radiation can change the redox balance that is disrupted by a decrease in antioxidant activity and an increase in the amount of generated reactive oxygen species, resulting in the oxidative damage at a molecular level and the induction of oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) act as indices for the measurement and evaluation of the antioxidant activity and the degree of oxidation in organisms. These tests have the advantage of being rapid, simple and highly reproducible. It is important to determine the oxidative conditions of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation. In the present study, oxidative stress in irradiated mice was assessed using the d-ROMs and BAP tests. The mice were exposed to 0.5, 2 or 7 Gy X-irradiation, and oxidative stress was subsequently assessed at 6, 12, 24 and 72h post-irradiation. The d-ROMs values, which indicate the formation of free radical metabolites, were significantly increased at 24 h post-irradiation with 7 Gy; however, no significant differences were observed between either of the other irradiation groups and the non-irradiated control group at any time-points. The BAP values, which indicate the level of antioxidant activity, were at a minimum at 12h post- irradiation in the groups irradiated with 0.5 and 2 Gy, and subsequently returned to their initial levels. No significant differences were observed between any of the irradiated groups and the control. These results suggest that d-ROMs measurement could serve, to a certain extent, as a prognostic indicator of radiation exposure. Keywords: Ionizing Radiation; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Metabolites; Biological An- tioxidant Potential; Mouse Introduction Ionizing radiation with low-linear energy transfer generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals by indirect action of energy on water molecules and simultaneously generating double- strand breaks (DSBs), which are known to be lethal, by direct action on DNA itself, with sequence apoptosis or stress-related responses [1,2]. Redox imbalance, caused by a decrease in antioxidant activity and a rise in ROS generation, can elicit an increase in oxidative molecular damage, such as lipid peroxidation, protein denaturation, or DNA mutations [3], following the induction of oxidative stress. As a result, an abnormal ROS accumulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and neurodegenerative disorders [4]. Reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxi- dant potential (BAP) are used to evaluate the antioxidant activity and degree of oxidation in organisms. The level of hydroperoxide, which is a chemical oxidant species belonging to the active oxygen metabolites, can be measured using the d-ROMs test. Similarly, various levels of antioxidants such, as ascorbic acid, uric acid and bilirubin, can be measured using the BAP test [5]. These tests are known for the rapidity, simplicity and high reproducibility of their methodologies. In addition, the d-ROMs test can conveniently esti- mate diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [5,6]. Although oxidative stress markers in the plasma of individuals subjected to radiother- apy can be assessed with the d-ROMs test [6, 7], no studies have yet evaluated both the d-ROMs and the BAP tests. Since it is important to determine the oxidative conditions of individuals exposed to ion- izing radiation, the aim of the present study was to use the d-ROMs and BAP tests to assess oxidative stress in irradiated mice.