Research Article EffectsofDiode,CO 2 ,Er:YAG,andErandCr:YSGGonTitanium ImplantSurfacesbyScanningElectronMicroscopy AmirMoeintaghavi , 1 HosseinBagheri, 2 MahdieYavariPour, 3 ShervinShafiei, 4 HamidrezaMoslemi, 4 KamyarAbbasi , 5 BehradRahbaniNobar, 6 AmirrezaMehdizadeh, 3 FarzanehAhrari, 1 andMostafaAlam 4 1 Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2 Dental Materials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 4 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 5 Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 6 Private Practice, Tehran, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Mostafa Alam; mostafa_alam1@yahoo.com Received 23 September 2021; Revised 31 October 2021; Accepted 3 December 2021; Published 23 December 2021 Academic Editor: Adam Khan M Copyright © 2021 Amir Moeintaghavi et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. is study aimed to determine the effects of various lasers on dental implants’ surface characteristics. Nine explanted dental implants were included. Two implants were randomly allocated to four intervention groups, namely, diode (2W, 810nm, 10 s), CO 2 (2W,10600nm,10s),Er:YAG(200mJ/20Hz,2940nm,10s),andEr,Cr:YSGG(200mJ/20Hz,2780nm,10s)groupsand one control group. After laser irradiation, all implants were imaged with scanning electron microscopy. Qualitative changes on the surface of implants were evaluated. Quantitative surface changes at the threads and between the threads were assessed by software using depression and prominence plots. e paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. Diode laser irradiation showed the least surface changes while the Er : YAG group showed the greatest surface changes. Furthermore, CO 2 and Er : YAG laser irradiation significantly altered the mean profile area at the threads (p < 0.05), while CO 2 and Er, Cr : YSGG laser irradiation significantly altered the mean profile area between the threads (p < 0.05). Diode laser irradiation does not alter the implant surface char- acteristics. However, the use of CO2, Er : YAG, and Er, Cr : YSGG lasers on titanium implant surfaces is discouraged as they damage the titanium implant surfaces. 1.Introduction Peri-implantitis is defined as the inflammation of the tis- sues surrounding the dental implant, including soft tissues and bone, which results in progressive peri-implant bone loss [1]. It has been reported that this condition may affect 8–25% of the population which may subsequently lead to the intentional explanation of 10% of the implants [2–7]. Various nonsurgical and surgical treatment methods have been proposed for peri-implantitis treatment. However, due to differences in study designs such as patient criteria, length of follow-up, disease severity in the studied groups [8], lack of high-quality evidence [9], and long-term ran- domized controlled trials [10], no specific therapy has ever been described as the most effective for this condition. Recently, laser therapy has shown promising results in Hindawi Advances in Materials Science and Engineering Volume 2021, Article ID 3551097, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3551097