Jurnal Hadratulah Madaniah, Volume 8 Issue II, Desember 2021. Page 33-48 p-ISSN:2407-3865, e-ISSN:2655-1993 FATWA MUI TENTANG NIKAH DIBAWAH TANGAN PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGI HUKUM ISLAM Arisman Pascasarjana UIN Suska Riau Abstrak Pernikahan dibawah tangan adalah pernikahan yang telah memenuhi unsur syarat dan rukun nikah, namun tidak dicatatkan pada lembaga resmi Pemerintah. Penulis sepakat dengan pendapat ulama klasik dan fatwa MUI. Perbedaan sikap antara Ulama Timur Tengah di Mesir dan Yordania dengan MUI, dilatarbelakangi berbagai faktor sosiologis di masing-masing Negara. Faktor sosiologis masyarakat Indonesia yang beragam adat-istiadat, budaya dan letak geografisnya tentunya memberi pengaruh terhadap interaksi sosial dan sikap keber-agamaan. Faktor sosiologis ini sesuai dengan kaidah fikih “taghaiyur al-fatwa bi taghaiyur al-azman wa al-makan” (berubahnya fatwa disebabkan perubahan zaman dan keadaan). Penulis berkesimpulan, bahwa pernikahan dibawah tangan di Indonesia hukumnya sah selama terpenuhi unsur syarat dan rukun nikah, karena masih banyak masyarakat muslim Indonesia yang berada di bahwa garis kemiskinan, hidup di daerah yang sangat terpencil, ditambah lagi aturan birokrasi perikahan dan poligami yang masih sulit. Namun dalam kondisi normal hukumnya haram, hal ini untuk menghindari mudharat yang berdampak negatif kepada pihak istri dan masa depan anak demi tercapainya kemashlahatan dalam kehidupan manusia. Maka pencatatan pernikahan menjadi sangat penting dan menjadi wajib dalam kondisi normal. Kata Kunci: fatwa MUI, nikah dibawah tangan, pencatatan nikah Abstract A marriage under the hands of a marriage that has fulfilled the element of marriage terms and conditions, but not registered with the official government institution. The author agrees with the opinion of classical scholars and MUI fatwa. The difference in attitude between the Middle East scholar in Egypt and Jordan with MUI, motivated various sociological factors in each country. The sociological factors of Indonesian society with its diverse customs, culture and geographical position certainly give effect to social interaction and religious attitude. Sociological factors are in accordance with the rules of fikih “taghaiyur al-fatwa bi taghaiyur al-azman wa al-makan”. The author concludes that marriage under the hands of Indonesia is legally valid as long as fulfilled the elements of terms and pillars of marriage, because there are still many Indonesian Muslims who are in that line of poverty, living in very remote areas, plus the rules of bureaucratic marriage and polygamy are still difficult. However, under normal conditions the law is haram, in order to avoid mudharat which negatively affects the wife and the future of the child for the achievement of kemashlahatan in human life. So the recording of marriage becomes very important and becomes mandatory under normal conditions. Keywords: MUI fatwa, underhand marriage, marriage registration