EurAsian Journal of Biosciences
Eurasia J Biosci 9,1-11 (2015)
http://dx.doi .Org /10.5053/ejobios.2015.9.0.l
Production, purification and characterisation of
thermostable metallo-protease from newly isolated
Bacillus sp. KG5
Nazenin Ahmetoglu
1
, Fatma Matpan Bekler
1
*, Omer Acer
1
, Reyhan Gul Güven
2
,
Kemal Güven
1
1
Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
department of Primary Education, Ziya Gökalp Education Faculty, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
Corresponding author: fatmatpan@hotmail.com
Abstract
Background: Due to the importance of microbial proteases in biotechnological applications, a
number of microorganisms are being explored. The production, purification and characterisation of
extracellular metallo-proteases by producing Bacillus sp. KG5 was studied.
Material and Methods: Bacterial strain KG5 was isolated from Kös (Bingöl) hot spring. The strain
KG5 was identified by morphological, physiological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
The effects of various parameters on protease production, such as time, temperature, pH, carbon
and nitrogen sources and CaCU were studied. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulphate
precipitation and Sephadex G-75 gel permeation chromatography. Molecular weight was calculated
by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and zymographic
analysis. The effects of some metal ions, chelators and inhibitors on enzyme activity were
determined.
Results: The optimum temperature, pH and incubation period for protease production were 40-
45°C, 7.0 and 24 h, respectively. It was determined that the best nitrogen sources were yeast extract
and urea, while the best carbon sources were lactose and galactose. However, glucose as a source
of carbon was found to inhibit the production of the enzyme. The maximum enzyme production
was increased in the presence of CaCU. The molecular weight of purified enzyme was found to be
approximately 48 kDa. It was found that the enzyme was fully stable in the presence of 2 mM CaCU
at 50°C after 120 min. Purified protease was significantly activated by Ca
2+
and Mg
2+
, while it was
greatly inhibited by Cu
2+
, Zn
2+
, Hg
2+
and SDS as well as by the metal ion chelators
ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA) and 1,10-phenanthroline. Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF)
had a little effect on the enzyme.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest the potential of this isolate for protease production and that this
enzyme may be suitable for biotechnological applications.
Keywords: Bacillus sp. KG5, biotechnology, protease production and characterisation.
Abbreviations: BM: Basal medium; EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic; NB: Nutrient broth; OD: Optical density;
phen: 1,10-phenanthroline; PMSF: Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulphate-
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; TCA: trichloroacetic acid.
Ahmetoglu N, Matpan Bekler F, Acer O, Güven RG, Guven K (2015) Production, purification and
characterisation of thermostable metallo-protease from newly isolated Bacillus sp. KG5. Eurasia J
Biosci 9: 1-11.
http://dx.doi.Org/10.5053/ejobios.2015.9.0.1
©EurAsian Journal of Biosciences
INTRODUCTION
Proteases are by far the most important groups
of commercially and biotechnological enzymes,
produced by various organisms such as bacteria,
yeasts, moulds, plants and animal tissues,
accounting for nearly 65% of the global industrial
enzyme market (Anwar and Saleemuddin 1997,
Banik and Prakash 2004, Annamalai et al. 2014).
Microbial proteases, especially from Bacillus species,
are the major industrial workhorses, and the use of
proteases in several applications has increased in the
last decade (Joo and Chang 2006). Proteases are
used in a number of applications such as bioreme-
diation, biosynthesis and biotransformation,
brewing, dairy industries, detergent, diagnostics,
food, meat, leather, photographic, and
Received: January 2015
Received in revised form: February 2015
Accepted: February 2015
Printed: March 2015
1