Fungal Systematcs and Evoluton is licensed under a Creatve Commons Atributon-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internatonal License © 2018 Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Insttute 341 Fungal Systematcs and Evoluton doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2018.02.10 VOLUME 2 DECEMBER 2018 PAGES 341–359 INTRODUCTION Phylloporus is a genus of lamellate fungi in the family Boletaceae that is primarily distributed throughout the tropics (Kirk et al. 2008, Neves & Halling 2010, Neves et al. 2012, Zeng et al. 2013). Singer (1945b) moved Phylloporus to the subfamily Xerocomoideae due to its Phylloporus-type hymenophoral trama and olive-brown spore print. Bresinsky & Besl (2003) synonymised Phylloporus with Xerocomus based on molecular data, though only a few taxa were sampled in that study. Recent molecular phylogenetc analyses with more extensive sampling support the monophyly of Phylloporus, showing that Xerocomus is highly polyphyletc (Binder & Hibbet 2006, Šutara 2008, Nuhn et al. 2013, Wu et al. 2014, 2016) and inferring the placement of Phylloporus in an expanded Xerocomoideae that now also includes taxa with Boletus-type hymenophoral trama and pale yellow to brown spore prints (Šutara 2008, Wu et al. 2014, 2016). Neves & Halling (2010) estmated the genus Phylloporus to include about 70 species, but several subsequent studies have described a number of additonal taxa (Neves et al. 2010, 2012, García-Jiménez 2013, Zeng et al. 2013, Ye et al. 2014, Hosen & Li 2015, 2017). Species of Phylloporus form ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associatons with plants in the Casuarinaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Myrtaceae, and Pinaceae (Heinemann 1951, Corner 1970, Heinemann & Rammeloo 1987, Singer 1986, Watling 2008, Neves & Halling 2010, Neves et al. 2012, García- Jiménez 2013, Zeng et al. 2013, Ye et al. 2014, Hosen & Li 2015, 2017). Five species of Phylloporus have been described from North America (Neves 2007, Neves et al. 2010). Phylloporus boletnoides is a lamellate to subporoid bolete that was formerly described based on material collected by Harry D. Thiers from Alachua Co., northern Florida (Smith & Thiers 1964) and subsequently reported from all along the Atlantc Coast of eastern and south-eastern USA south to the Gulf Coast (Singer et al. 1990, Singer & Williams 1992, Both 1993, Bessete et al. 2000, 2016, Justce 2008), down into Central America (Ortz-Santana et al. 2007, Neves & Halling 2010), although not reported by Ortz- Santana et al. (2007) as occurring in the Dominican Republic. It is a putatve ECM partner of several American pine trees (Pinus spp., Pinaceae), but is also found in mixed pine and oak (Quercus spp., Fagaceae) forests (Smith & Thiers 1964, Singer et al. 1990, Both 1993, Bessete et al. 2000, 2016, Neves & Halling 2010). Phylloporus and Phylloboletellus are no longer alone: Phylloporopsis gen. nov. (Boletaceae), a new smooth-spored lamellate genus to accommodate the American species Phylloporus boletnoides A. Farid 1*§ , M. Gelardi 2* , C. Angelini 3,4 , A.R. Franck 5 , F. Costanzo 2 , L. Kaminsky 6 , E. Ercole 7 , T.J. Baroni 8 , A.L. White 1 , J.R. Garey 1 , M.E. Smith 6 , A. Vizzini 7§ 1 Herbarium, Department of Cell Biology, Micriobiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA 2 Via Angelo Custode 4A, I-00061 Anguillara Sabazia, RM, Italy 3 Via Cappuccini 78/8, I-33170 Pordenone, Italy 4 Natonal Botanical Garden of Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 5 Wertheim Conservatory, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Internatonal University, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA 6 Department of Plant pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA 7 Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale P.A. Matoli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy 8 Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York – College at Cortland, Cortland, NY 1304, USA *Authors contributed equally to this manuscript §Corresponding authors: alfredo.vizzini@unito.it, arian@mail.usf.edu Abstract: The monotypic genus Phylloporopsis is described as new to science based on Phylloporus boletnoides. This species occurs widely in eastern North America and Central America. It is reported for the frst tme from a neotropical montane pine woodland in the Dominican Republic. The confrmaton of this newly recognised monophyletc genus is supported and molecularly confrmed by phylogenetc inference based on multple loci (ITS, 28S, TEF1-α, and RPB1). A detailed morphological descripton of P. boletnoides from the Dominican Republic and Florida (USA) is provided along with colour images of fresh basidiomata in habitat, line drawings of the main anatomical features, transmited light microscopic images of anatomical features and scanning electron microscope images of basidiospores. The taxonomic placement, ecological requirements and distributon paterns of P. boletnoides are reviewed and the relatonships with phylogenetcally related or morphologically similar lamellate and boletoid taxa such as Phylloporus, Phylloboletellus, Phyllobolites and Bothia are discussed. Key words: Boletales lamellate boletes molecular phylogeny taxonomy Xerocomoideae Published online: 23 October 2018.