Research Article
Dynamical Features of Isolated Two- and Three-Level Atoms
Interacting with a Cavity Field
M. Y. Abd-Rabbou ,
1
E. M. Khalil ,
2
and Fadhel Almalki
2
1
Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt
2
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence should be addressed to M. Y. Abd-Rabbou; m.elmalky@azhar.edu.eg
Received 20 February 2022; Revised 14 June 2022; Accepted 27 June 2022; Published 21 July 2022
Academic Editor: Sandro Wimberger
Copyright © 2022 M. Y. Abd-Rabbou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Some dynamical features of two- and three-level atoms interacting locally with an ideal cavity field are investigated. These
dynamical features are introduced by employing the statistical atomic inversion, entropy squeezing, and tomographic entropy.
Our results show that the initial setting states play an essential role in the temporal evolution of the three quantities. The
sensitivity of the two-level atomic state is less than that depicted by the three-level atom. The initial state has a small impact
on the two types of entropies for the two-level atom. However, it has an appreciable effect in the case of the three-level atom
for different regulations of the initial atomic state.
1. Introduction
The interaction between different substances is still a hot
topic in quantum optics and information issues. These issues
concern the linear atom-field interaction [1] and nonlinear
atom-field interaction [2]. The classical simulation of non-
linear atom-field interaction in photonic lattices has been
realized [3]. In the ultra-strong coupling regime, the quan-
tum simulation by applying a rotating wave approximation
for the light-matter interaction has been introduced [4].
Some theoretical and practical phenomena of field-atom
interaction, such as entanglement, revival, and collapse have
been explained [5]. The entanglement of field-field interac-
tion has been addressed [6]. Moreover, the effect of cross-
Kerr nonlinear on the decoherence of a quantum system
was studied [7]. The entanglement of time-dependent
atom-atom interaction was discovered [8]. Some conical
transformations are used to handle the atom-atom interac-
tion with the presence of time dependence. For these inter-
actions, some statistical and quantum information has
been illustrated to analyze different phenomena [9]. Among
these phenomena is the quantum entanglement [10], which
is a cornerstone of quantum information theory [11]. Via
employing the von Neumann entropy, the degree of entan-
glement has been studied for different substances, such as
the entanglement of atom-field interaction in resonance
and off-resonance cases, has been explored [12]. The degree
of entanglement has also been discussed under the Unruh
effect, for the two-qubit [13], qubit-qutrit [14], and two-
qutrit [15]. Furthermore, the dynamics of entanglement of
two isolated Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian have been
studied, where the first atom interacting only with one cavity
field and the second atom interacting with another cavity
[16]. In addition, the entanglement of linear atom-field
interaction has been illustrated under the influence of
Kerr-like medium [17], degenerate parametric amplifier
[18], vibrating graphene membrane [19, 20], external classi-
cal field [21], damping terms [22], Stark shift terms [23], and
deformed cavity field [24]. A double Jaynes-Cummings
models in the presence of non-Markovian environments
[25], and Kerr medium [26] have been developed to simulate
the entanglement dynamics. For high-dimensional atomic
Hindawi
Advances in Mathematical Physics
Volume 2022, Article ID 5258035, 9 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5258035