INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
Volume 3, No 1, 2012
© Copyright by the authors - Licensee IPA- Under Creative Commons license 3.0
Research article ISSN 0976 – 4399
Received on June, 2012 Published on August 2012 168
Effect of synthesizing parameters on workability and compressive strength
of Fly ash based Geopolymer mortar
Anupam Bhowmick
1
, Somnath Ghosh
2
1- Post Graduate Student, Civil Engg. Deptt. Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
2- Professor, Civil Engg. Deptt. Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
anupam.bhowmick@rediffmail.com
doi:10.6088/ijcser.201203013016
ABSTRACT
Geopolymer is known for its durability and environmental sustainability. The findings of this
research paper are based on the experiments conducted on geopolymer mortar synthesized
from locally available fly ash. Various engineering properties are highlighted. Influence of
processing parameters such as Fly ash/ Sand ratio, SiO
2
/Na
2
O ratio, and Water/ Fly ash ratio
on workability and compressive strength are studied which may be useful to develop mix
design methodology. Pore size distribution and total pores volume are appreciated by
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP) and their influence on compressive strength. Scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) along with Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was
done for micro-structural and elemental analysis.
Keywords: Geopolymer, fly ash, workability, compressive strength, microstructure.
1. Introduction
Sustainable practice of industrial ecology demands the use of byproduct of one industry as
source materials to other industrial application. This will help in complying environmental
parameters for both the industry. Environmental concerns compelled us to reduce the material
consumption by enhancing the durability and resource efficiency using advancement in
technology. (Mehta P.K. 1990). Fly ash based geopolymer may be a solution in this regard.
Fly ash is a residue from combustion of coal, improper retention of which cause
environmental concern. Fly ash is activated with alkaline solutions and soluble silicates.
Sodium / Potassium hydroxide are generally used as alkaline solution successfully
supplemented by Sodium / Potassium Silicate.
A lot of research was carried out on the geopolymer paste to understand the basics of
geopolymer chemistry. Parameters such as Si/Al ratio, SiO
2
/Al
2
O
3
, Na
2
O/ Al
2
O
3
, Na
2
O/ SiO
2
in the activator solution, water/fly ash ratio were varied in the synthesis of geopolymer and
found to affect the geopolymer properties. Choice of source material is important parameters
which affect the processing of geopolymer. Thermal activation is an essential requisite of
geopolymer formation. However level and duration of thermal activation differs for various
source materials. Heat overcomes activation barrier & enhances the dissolution rate of solid
alluminosilicate material from byproduct materials such as ASTM class F fly ash. (Thakur
R.N., Ghosh S., 2009) Curing at ambient temperature is also possible.
However, exact properties of geopolymer mortar cannot be predicted from the properties of
geopolymer paste. Plastic shrinkage induced cracking especially due to thermal curing affect.
Addition of filer materials like sand up to a certain extent plays an important role in reducing