_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: E-mail: george.nyakairu@mak.ac.ug; J. Pharm. Res. Int., vol. 35, no. 22, pp. 66-81, 2023 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International Volume 35, Issue 22, Page 66-81, 2023; Article no.JPRI.105315 ISSN: 2456-9119 (Past name: British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Past ISSN: 2231-2919, NLM ID: 101631759) Circular Economy Approach for Treatment of Water-Containing Diclofenac Using Recyclable Magnetic Fe 3 o 4 Nanoparticles: A Case Study of Real Water Sample from Lake Victoria Zaccheus Shehu a,b , George William Atwoki Nyakairu a* , Emmanuel Tebandeke a and Oghenekaro Nelson Odume c a Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda. b Department of Chemistry, Gombe State University, P.M.B. 127, Gombe, Nigeria. c Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, South Africa. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Author ZS designed the study, performed the statistical analysis, wrote the protocol, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Authors GWAN and ET managed the analyses of the study. Author ONO managed the literature search. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2023/v35i227417 Open Peer Review History: This journal follows the Advanced Open Peer Review policy. Identity of the Reviewers, Editor(s) and additional Reviewers, peer review comments, different versions of the manuscript, comments of the editors, etc are available here: https://www.sdiarticle5.com/review-history/105315 Received: 16/06/2023 Accepted: 19/08/2023 Published: 22/08/2023 ABSTRACT Aims: A circular economy is a concept that aims to create a sustainable future by reducing waste and promoting the reuse of resources. In the field of water treatment, this concept has been applied through the use of recyclable materials to remove pollutants from water. Original Research Article