Research Article TheComparisonofTeenClubsvs.StandardCareonTreatment OutcomesforAdolescentsonAntiretroviralTherapyin Windhoek,Namibia FaraiK.Munyayi andBrianE.vanWyk University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoFaraiK.Munyayi;fmfanchom@gmail.com Received 22 May 2020; Revised 7 October 2020; Accepted 12 October 2020; Published 27 October 2020 AcademicEditor:GlendaGray;glenda.gray@mrc.ac.za Copyright©2020FaraiK.MunyayiandBrianE.vanWyk.isisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommons AttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkis properly cited. Background. Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) are challenged to adhere to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and achieve and maintain virologic suppression. Group-based adherence support interventions, such as adherence clubs, have been shown to improve long-term adherence in ART patients. e teen club intervention was introduced in 2010 in Namibia to improve treatmentoutcomesforALHIVbyprovidingadherencesupportinapeer-groupenvironment.Adolescentswhohavecompleted the full HIV disclosure process can voluntarily join the teen clubs. e current study compared treatment outcomes of ALHIV receiving ARTat a specialized paediatric HIV clinic between 1 July 2015 and 30 June 2017 in Windhoek, Namibia. Methods.A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on routine patient data extracted from the electronic Patient Monitoring System, individualPatientCareBooklets,andteenclubattendanceregisters.Asampleof385adolescentswereanalysed:78inteenclubs and307instandardcare.Virologicsuppressionwasdeterminedat6,12,and18monthsfromstudystartdate,andcomparedby modelofcare,age,sex,disclosurestatus,andARTregimen.Comparisonsbetweenadolescentsinteenclubsandthosereceiving standardcarewereperformedusingthechi-squaretest,andriskratioswerecalculatedtoanalyzedifferencesinARTadherence andvirologicsuppression. Results.eaverageclinician-measuredARTadherencewas89%good,6%fair,and5%pooramongst alladolescents,withnodifferencebetweenteenclubmembersandadolescentsinstandardcare(p � 0.277)at3months.Virologic suppression over the 2-year observation period was 87% (68% fully suppressed <40 copies/ml and 19% suppressed between 40–999copies/ml),withnodifferencebetweenteenclubmembersandthoseinstandardcare.However,therewerestatistically significant differences in virologic suppression levels between the younger (10–14 years) adolescents and older (15–19 years) adolescents at 6 months (p � 0.015) and at 12 months (p � 0.021) and between adolescents on first-line and second-line ART regimenat6months(p � 0.012),12months(p � 0.004),and18months(p � 0.005). Conclusion.eteenclubmodeldelivering psychosocialsupportonlydidnotimproveadherenceandvirologicsuppressionlevelsforadolescentsinaspecializedpaediatric ARTclinic,neitherweretheyinferiortostandardcare.Consideringthelimitationsofthisstudy,teenclubsmaystillholdpotential for improving adherence and virologic suppression levels for older adolescents, and more robust research on adherence in- terventions for adolescents with higher methodological quality is required. 1.Introduction Due to the successes in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs worldwide and advances in paediatric HIV treatment, children with HIV are sur- viving to reach adolescence [1]. e World Health Orga- nization defines adolescents as children or young adults between 10 and 19 years of age [2]. Worldwide in 2018, an estimated 1.6 million adolescents between 10 and 19 years werelivingwithHIV,withnearly85%livinginsub-Saharan Africa [3, 4]. In most sub-Saharan Africa countries, public healthfacilitiesareill-equippedtogiveguidanceandsupport foradolescentslivingwithHIV(ALHIV)toremainengaged in care and adhere to medication regimens [5]. In 2019 Hindawi AIDS Research and Treatment Volume 2020, Article ID 8604276, 9 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8604276