J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci., 3(7)6-9, 2013
© 2013, TextRoad Publication
ISSN: 2090-4215
Journal of Applied Environmental
and Biological Sciences
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*Corresponding Author: Bahram Abdi (Ph.D.). Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Baku State University,
Azerbaijan. E-mail: Abdi.bahram2@yahoo.com
Effects of Interoceptive Stimulation on Glycemic Reactions in Brain
Different Functional States under Physical Loading
Parvin Zulfugarova, Ali Aliyev, Fatemeh Aliyev and Bahram Abdi
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Baku State University, Azerbaijan
ABSTRACT
As it issues from the conducted studies, in intact animals and in the animals of different ages kept in light regime
after epiphys-ectomy glucose levels in the blood at 8.00-9.00 A.M. is minimal, in the afternoon, at 1.00-2.00
P.M. it up-regulates significantly, while in the evening, at 6.00-8.00 it gets down. In the animals kept under dark-
ness regime the blood glucose levels run down. It is revealed that after subjecting to short-term physical loading
in the 30, 90, 180-day-old animals in the morning, afternoon and evening time of circadian rhythm up-regulation
of glycemic reactions is observed, whereas long-term physical loading results in down-regulation of this index
values. After keeping the animals under 7-day light and darkness regimes and subjecting them to olfactory-
ectomy and interoceptive stimulation down regulation of the blood glucose level is observed, while after 14 days
recovery in hypothalamo-hypophysal and other analysators systems takes place. On the grounds of the obtained
data one can come to a conclusion that epiphysal hormone melatonin might be used for therapeutics purposes in
the clinical practice.
KEYWORDS: Epiphys, Light, Darkness, Glycemic, Olfactory Nerve
1. INTRODUCTION
As it is known from the literature, information about external milieu and its changes comes to the brain
through sensor apparatus engaged into regulation of functional and metabolic reactions, and sensor nerves and
thereafter gets down to motor and secretor organs. Studies of dynamic interrelations between motor activity, tissue
metabolism being under direct and indirect influences of rhythmic and sequential movements, homeostasis of
internal milieu and distinct functional states from fundamental and applicable standpoints compose one of the
most prominent physiological problems. Studies of changes in the form of blood glycemia in the organisms
subjected to intensive physical loading always challenge tremendous interest. Particularly, physical loadings of
different intensities in short time induce different magnitude changes of turnover indexes of blood carbohydrates,
proteins and lipids [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8].
Extra-sensor apparatus, mighty sensor pathways and centers of the brain have broad mutual relations
with such important viscero-sensory and neuroendocrine structures as hypothalamus and hypophysis and effects-
dependent endocrine activity of epiphysis which in relation to light (daytime) and dark (night) phases in rhythmic
way tunes up on active and passive status of secretor activity in the form of hormone (melatonin) production.
Circadian rhythm underlies fluctuations of glucose levels in healthy humans as well as in most mammals; on the
other hand, in light-subjected mice glucose level in the blood increases, while in darkness its level goes down [9,
10, 11, 12]. At the same time these changes in epiphysis functioning in response to light and darkness conditions
are reflected in dynamics of all listed above processes and functions and engage them into general chronometric
and biorhythmic regulatory mechanisms of the organism fixed in phylogenesis and ontogenesis [13, 14].
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS
For this purpose we used effects of physical loading in our experiments. In order to subject the
experimental animals to physical loading in experimental conditions most of researchers utilize rotating
mechanical device having form of a drum with empty cavity. Velocity of drum rotation lies within limits of 40-50
rpm and rabbits this way are subjected both to forced running and vibration effects for 5 and 20 min.
The glucose level in the blood was measured with application of express method in glycometer (production
of Bayer-Holding Company, USA and Canada). The experiments are carried out in the following series.
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