DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900817 Full Paper
Main Group Hydrides
Thermal Decomposition of Donor-Stabilized Phosphinoborane
PH
2
BH
2
NMe
3
: A Tensimetry Study
Alina V. Butlak,
[a]
Igor V. Kazakov,
[a]
Andreas Stauber,
[b]
Oliver Hegen,
[b]
Manfred Scheer,
[b]
Anna V. Pomogaeva,
[a]
and Alexey Y. Timoshkin*
[a]
Abstract: The thermal decomposition of PH
2
BH
2
·NMe
3
(1) in
closed system was studied by static tensimetry with membrane
null-manometer. Compound 1 is unstable already at room tem-
perature and partially decomposes with the release of gaseous
trimethylamine and nonvolatile polymeric material. Storage of
1 at 311 K for 53 days results in evolution of small amounts of
Introduction
Inorganic analogs of organic polymers, in particularly
poly(phosphinoboranes) [R
1
R
2
PBH
2
]
n
,
[1,2]
attract attention due
to the broad range of their applications, such as in lithographic
techniques, as precursors for ceramic materials, as flame-retard-
ant materials with tunable degradation temperatures.
[3–8]
There
are several synthetic approaches to poly(phosphinoboranes)
(Scheme 1). In early studies, reactions between phosphine and
diborane (pathway A) or the dehydrocoupling of the corre-
sponding R
1
R
2
PHBH
3
complexes (pathway B) have been em-
ployed.
[9,10]
The reaction between PH
3
and B
2
H
6
at 65 °C for 19
days results in H
2
evolution and the solid residue PB
1.15
H
3.91
,
which the authors interpret as [PBH
3.75
]
n
with some BH polymer,
probably resulting from the decomposition of unreacted
B
2
H
6
.
[9]
Thus, 0.125 mol of H
2
was eliminated from the mono-
meric unit of [PH
2
BH
2
]
n
at these conditions. The resulting refrac-
tory solid [PBH
3.75
]
n
is insoluble in ether, benzene, methanol,
water and aqueous HCl under mild conditions. The authors at-
tribute it to the cross-linking nature of the polymer.
[9]
The parent complex PH
3
BH
3
is unstable towards hydrogen
evolution even at 0 °C.
[11]
Heating of PH
3
BH
3
at 200 °C for
15 minutes results in formation of hydrogen gas, a mixture of
diborane and phosphine and solid residue PBH
3.36
.
[11]
These re-
sults indicate, that the formed [PH
2
BH
2
]
n
is unstable at these
conditions and loses 0.32 mol of hydrogen gas per monomeric
PH
2
BH
2
unit.
[a] Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University,
199034 Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: a.y.timoshkin@spbu.ru
[b] Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg,
93040 Regensburg, Germany
E-mail: manfred.scheer@ur.de
Supporting information and ORCID(s) from the author(s) for this article are
available on the WWW under https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201900817.
Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2019, 3885–3891 © 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 3885
hydrogen and phosphine. At temperatures up to 329 K, PH
3
evolution and BH
3
NMe
3
adduct formation is observed after 3
days, and above 387 K, considerable amount of hydrogen gas
is released. The data obtained indicate that the pyrolysis of 1
in the closed system may result in the enrichment of the con-
densed phase with boron due to phosphine loss.
Scheme 1. Synthetic approaches to poly(phosphinoboranes).
For the substituted derivatives, the bulkiness of the R
1
,R
2
sub-
stituents influences the degree of oligomerization within
poly(phosphinoboranes). Subsequent introduction of the sub-
stituents on the P center results in a decrease of the oligomeri-
zation degree.
[9]
Thus, the parent [PBH
3.75
]
n
polymer is highly
cross-linked and insoluble, the monomethyl derivative
[MePHBH
2
]
n
is a mostly non-branched linear polymer, while the
dimethyl derivative forms trimers and tetramers [Me
2
PBH
2
]
3,4
with traces of high mass oligomers.
[9]
[Me
2
PBH
2
]
3,4
can also be obtained by the reaction of tetra-
methyldiphosphine with diborane (pathway C, Scheme 1).
[12]
The structures of several cyclic oligomers, such as trimers
[Me
2
PBH
2
]
3
,
[13]
[Ph
2
PBH
2
]
3
,
[14]
[(Me
3
Si)
2
PBH
2
]
3
,
[15]
and tetramers
[Me
2
PBH
2
]
4
,
[16]
[Ph
2
PBH
2
]
4
,
[17,18]
[(p-CF
3
C
6
H
4
)
2
PBH
2
]
4
[17,18]
have
been determined by X-ray structural analysis. Other studied
oligomers also include [(CF
3
)
2
PBH
2
]
3,4
,
[19]
and [Ph
2
PBH
2
]
3
.
[20]
Heating of MePH
2
BH
3
for 20 h at 100 °C yields one mol of
H
2
and leads to the formation of mostly linear “a fairly high
polymer” [MeHPBH
2
]
n
which occurs as viscous non-volatile oil
which cannot be distilled.
[7]
On heating by free flame, this oil
evolved additional 0.95 mol of H
2
and changed to a brown non-
volatile solid, which was not further characterized.
[9]
The thermolysis of PhPH
2
BH
3
at 150 °C for 3 h liberated one
mol of hydrogen gas with the formation of a solid, brittle, white
[PhPHBH
2
]
n
polymer with a molecular weight of 2150,
[10]
partly