1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
1
Responsive glazing systems: Characterisation methods, summer
performance and implications on thermal comfort
Nomenclature
E specific energy (Wh/m
2
)
g solar factor (-)
H specific incident daily solar radiation (kWh/m
2
)
HF Heat Flux (W/m
2
)
I specific incident solar irradiance (W/m
2
)
specific heat flux (W/m
2
)
t time (h)
U thermal transmittance (W/m
2
K)
Greek symbols
transmission coefficient (-)
temperature (°C)
Superscripts
* referred to an equivalent value or a modified index
Subscripts
air referred to air
average referred to an average value
bn beam normal
day referred to day between sunrise and sunset
referred to temperature difference
e solar
ex excursion
i referred to heat flux released to the indoor environment
in referred to the indoor environment
n referred to normalised energy
out referred to the outdoor environment
sol referred to solar energy
surf referred to the surface
tot total including long-wave and short-wave radiation
v visible
24 referred to daily energy
Acronyms
CDD Cooling Degree Days
ERF Effective radiant field (W/m
2
)
PMV Predicted Mean Vote (-)
PPD Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (%)
RMSE Root Mean Square Error
TT Thermotropic glazing
TGU Triple Glazing Unit, reference technology
TGU_TT Triple Glazing Unit with thermotropic glazing
TGU_TT+PCM(IN) Triple Glazing Unit with thermotropic glazing and a PCM-filled cavity in the inner position
TGU_TT+PCM(OUT) Triple Glazing Unit with thermotropic glazing and a PCM-filled cavity in the outer position
Highlights:
Two responsive windows with PCM and thermotropic panes were tested in a test cell
Daily and long-term performance analyses were carried out under summer conditions
The energy performance and thermal comfort of the glazing were assessed
PCM in the cavity of a triple glazing unit improves thermal comfort
Integrating a thermotropic pane in a triple glazing unit may reduce cooling loads
ö˲³¿®µ»¼ λª·»¼ Ó¿²«½®·°¬
Ý´·½µ ¸»®» ¬± ª·»© ´·²µ»¼ λº»®»²½»