Gotteparthi et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2023; 13(11):31-38 ISSN: 2250-1177 [31] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO Available online on 15.11.2023 at http://jddtonline.info Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research Copyright © 2023 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the original author and source are credited Open Access Full Text Article Research Article Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles of Gymnema sylvestre Extract on Wistar Rats Sravani Gotteparthi* , Manvitha Kotaru , Dr. S. Ashok Krishnan , K. Sridevi Department of pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada-533003, AP, India Article Info: ___________________________________________ Article History: Received 26 Aug 2023 Reviewed 03 Oct 2023 Accepted 24 Oct 2023 Published 15 Nov 2023 ____________________________________________ Cite this article as: Gotteparthi S, Kotaru M, Krishnan SA, Sridevi K, Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles of Gymnema Sylvestre Extract on Wistar Rats, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2023; 13(11):31-38 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i11.6283 ____________________________________________ *Address for Correspondence: Sravani Gotteparthi, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada – 533003, AP, India Abstract ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Diabetes mellitus is described as a metabolic disorder, which was characterised by high blood glucose levels, which were resulted due to insufficient insulin secretion. There were major complications related to diabetes mellitus. To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Gymnema sylvestre Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. Streptozotocin (STZ) of 50mg/kg is used for the induction of diabetes into Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 6 groups. Group-I represented as Control; Group-II represented as diabetic control (STZ ); Group-III represented as 5 mg/kg body weight of glibenclamide + diabetes; Group-IV represented as Gymnema sylvestre extract + diabetes; Group-V represented as 100 µg Gymnema sylvestre Zinc Oxide nanoparticles + diabetes; group-6- Gymnema sylvestre Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles 200 µg + diabetes. The GsZnONPs were inspected to morphological properties using UV spectrophotometer and FTIR. The GsZnONPs shown characterization peak at 300nm. The study has shown that GsZnONPs treated group has shown reduced glucose concentration. The histo- pathological alterations were also studied in all experimental groups. The pathology results of GsZnONPs (200 µg) group has shown the regeneration of islets cells of pancreas. The research study has proved that Gymnema sylvestre ZnO NPs exerts antidiabetic properties. Keywords: Diabetes, Gymnema sylvestre, Zinc Oxide nanoparticles INTRODUCTION: The occurrence of diabetes is predicted to be doubled from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030 globally with maximum increase in India. It is concluded that by 2030 in India diabetes mellitus may rise to 79.4 million individuals. Currently India faces potential burden that diabetes may impose upon the country 1 . Diabetes is a chronic metabolic syndrome that causes multiple organ dysfunction, mortality and morbidity 2 .Diabetes Milletus(DM) is characterized by hyperglycaemia that arise from either the deficiency in insulin secretion or the insulin activity. DM is of three types –Type-1DM (non-insulin dependent), Type-2 DM (insulin dependent) and Gestational Diabetes 3 . Type-1 DM occurred by insulin deficiency which is due to the destruction of β cells in the pancreas by cell mediated autoimmune process 3 . Type-2 DM is characterized by the imbalance between insulin levels and insulin sensitivity which causes a functional deficit of insulin 4 . Gestational Diabetes is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. The development of diabetes is still unknown, but some studies indicate that HLA antigens play a vital role in its development, specifically HLA DR 3–5 . Several factors are responsible for the occurrence of diabetes but the patient has high potential of hyperglycaemia. Insulin resistance is caused due to high levels of fatty acids and proinflammatory cytokines, which finally leads to impaired glucose transport and increase in fat breakdown. As there was decreased production of insulin, the body will respond by more glucagon generation, thus leading to hyperglycaemia. The complete occurrence of disease is seen when the patient does not produce enough insulin to overcome the insulin resistance. 6 . The complication of diabetes include stroke, myocardial infraction and coronary artery disease. Other complications like retinopathy, neuropathy and neuropathy have major impact on patients life. Signs and symptoms: In DM the signs and symptoms will develop steadily and progress chronically. It will not show signs like major acute diseases. The major risk factors include: • Positive diabetes family history. • Above 35years age. • Overweight. • Hypertension. • Recent weight gain.