Sensors & Transducers, Vol. 194, Issue 11, November 2015, pp. 42-53
42
Sensors & Transducers
© 2015 by IFSA Publishing, S. L.
http://www.sensorsportal.com
Gas Identification Using Passive UHF RFID
Sensor Platform
1, *
Muhammad Ali AKBAR,
2
Mohamed ZGAREN,
1
Amine AIT SI ALI,
1
Abbes AMIRA,
1
Mohieddine BENAMMAR,
1
Faycal BENSAALI,
2
Mohamad SAWAN and
3
Amine BERMAK
1
College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
2
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
3
School of Engineering, Hong Kong Uni. of Sci. and Tech., Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
*
E-mail: ali.akbar@qu.edu.qa
Received: 31 August 2015 /Accepted: 15 October 2015 /Published: 30 November 2015
Abstract: The concept of passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensor tag is introduced to remove the
dependency of current RFID platforms on battery life. In this paper, a gas identification system is presented using
passive RFID sensor tag along with the processing unit. The RFID system is compliant to Electronics Product
Code Generation 2 (EPC-Gen2) protocol in 902-928 MHz ISM band. Whereas the processing unit is implemented
and analyzed in software and hardware platforms. The software platform uses MATLAB, whereas a High Level
Synthesis (HLS) tool is used to implement the processing unit on a Zynq platform. Moreover, two sets of different
gases are used along with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) based
feature reduction approaches to analyze in detail the best feature reduction approach for efficient classification of
gas data. It is found that for the first set of gases, 90 % gases are identified using first three principal components,
which is 7 % more efficient than LDA. However in terms of hardware overhead, LDA requires 50 % less hardware
resources than PCA. The classification results for the second set of gases reveal that 91 % of gas classification is
obtained using LDA and first four PCA, while LDA requires 52 % less hardware resources than PCA. The RFID
tag used for transmission is implemented in 0.13 µm CMOS process, with simulated average power consumption
of 2.6 µW from 1.2 V supply. ThingMagic M6e embedded reader is used for RFID platform implementation. It
shows an output power of 31.5 dBm which allows a read range up to 9 meters. Copyright © 2015 IFSA Publishing,
S. L.
Keywords: Sensor tag, Pattern recognition, Gas identification, UHF RFID Reader, EPC Gen2, ISM Band.
1. Introduction
Gas identification is one of the most critical
challenges in the current gas industry because a single
leakage of an explosive gas can cause a complete
disaster for the whole company. The explosion of a gas
container or the leakage of a hazardous gas will also
be disastrous for the environment [1]. Therefore,
human olfactory based Electronic Nose (EN) systems
are introduced, with a wide range of applications like
milk industry [2] and patient monitoring system [3].
In gas applications, the presence of complex
compounds like water vapor with the gases of interest
creates one of the challenging issues for the gas
identification using EN [4]. The presence of battery
further limits the life and durability of the sensor tag.
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