Downloaded from www.microbiologyresearch.org by IP: 54.70.40.11 On: Wed, 09 Jan 2019 21:43:10 Actinomadura xylanilytica sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from soil Tiago Domingues Zucchi, 1,2 Byung-Yong Kim, 1 Avinash Naga Venkata Bonda 1 and Michael Goodfellow 1 Correspondence Michael Goodfellow m.goodfellow@ncl.ac.uk 1 School of Biology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK 2 Lab de Microbiologia Ambiental, EMBRAPA Meio Ambiente, Jaguariu ´ na, Brazil The taxonomic position of a soil isolate, strain BK147 T , was established using data from a polyphasic study. The organism showed a combination of chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics consistent with its classification in the genus Actinomadura. It formed a distinct phyletic line in the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of members of the genus Actinomadura and was most closely, albeit loosely, related to Actinomadura bangladeshensis DSM 45347 T , Actinomadura meyerae DSM 44715 T and Actinomadura napierensis NRRL B-24319 T but was readily distinguished from these strains using a range of phenotypic properties. Based on the combined genotypic and phenotypic data it is proposed that isolate BK147 T (5KACC 20919 T 5NCIMB 14771 T 5NRRL B-24852 T ) be classified as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Actinomadura, for which the name Actinomadura xylanilytica sp. nov. is proposed. The genus Actinomadura Lechevalier & Lechevalier (1970a) belongs to the family Thermomonosporaceae and can be distinguished from other members of the taxon, namely the genera Actinoallomurus, Actinocorallia, Spirillospora and Thermomonospora, by using a combination of geno- typic and phenotypic properties (Tamura et al., 2009; Goodfellow & Trujillo, 2012). Members of the genus Actinomadura produce a stable, extensively branched substrate mycelium and aerial hyphae, which when formed, differentiate into chains of spores. They also tend to be characterized by the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid (meso-A 2pm ) and madurose in whole-organism hydrolysates (wall chemotype IIIB; Lechevalier & Lechevalier, 1970b), acetylated muramic acid in the peptidoglycan, hexahydro- genated menaquinones with nine isoprene units [MK-9 (H 6 )] as the predominant isoprenologue, diphosphatidyl- glycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides as major phospholipids (Lechevalier et al., 1977), and complex mixtures of fatty acids with major amounts of hexadecanoic (C 16 : 0 ), 14-methylpentadecanoic (iso-C 16 : 0 ) and 10-methyloctadecanoic acid (tuberculostea- ric acid) (fatty type 3a; Kroppenstedt et al., 1985). At the time of writing, the genus encompasses 50 species with validly published names (Euze ´by, 2012) which can be distinguished from one another using chemotaxonomic, morphological and phenotypic properties (Lee & Lee, 2010; Promnuan et al., 2011; Trujillo & Goodfellow, 2012). Most species of the genus Actinomadura have been isolated from soil although a few are causal agents of the debilitating human disease actinomycetoma (Trujillo & Goodfellow, 2012). As part of a screening programme for antibiotic- producing actinomycetes, isolate BK147 T was recovered from a hay meadow soil and provisionally assigned to the genus Actinomadura. In the present taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach, the isolate was shown to form a new centre of taxonomic variation in the genus Actinomadura. It is therefore proposed that the isolate be recognized as representing a novel species of the genus Actinomadura. Isolate BK147 T was recovered from a plate of starch-casein agar (Ku ¨ster & Williams, 1964), supplemented with cycloheximide and nystatin (each at 25 mg ml 21 ), which had been inoculated with a pre-heated (55 u C for 20 min) soil suspension and incubated at 28 u C for 21 days. The soil sample was collected from Palace Leas hay meadow plot 6 (Atalan et al., 2000) at Cockle Park Experimental Farm, Northumberland, UK (National Grid Reference NZ 200913). The organism was maintained on oatmeal agar slopes [International Streptomyces Project (ISP) medium 3; Shirling & Gottlieb (1966)] at 4 u C and as mycelial fragments in 20 % (v/v) glycerol at 220 u C. Biomass for the chemotaxonomic and molecular systematic studies was grown in shake flasks of tryptone-yeast extract broth (ISP medium 1; Shirling & Gottlieb, 1966) for 7 days at 28 u C, harvested by centrifugation and washed twice in distilled water; cells for chemical studies were freeze-dried. Abbreviations: meso-A 2pm , meso-diaminopimelic acid. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain BK147 T is FR692101. A supplementary figure is available with the online version of this paper. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2013), 63, 576–580 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.042325-0 576 042325 G 2013 IUMS Printed in Great Britain