International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-3, January 2020
2870
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: B6504129219/2020©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.B6504.019320
Abstract: Pollution from plastic materials has become a severe
problem all around the world. Plastics, due to their long lasting
properties are utilized majorly in almost every application from
packaging, electrical appliances, vehicle parts etc. the major
concern related to plastics are that they are non-degradable and
hence are harmful for environment. Several researches have been
done in utilizing plastic material in addition with some other
materials to form a composite material which has better properties
than pure substances. Plastics with glass fibres are one such of
composition where the new material formed can be used for
several day to day applications. Hence the present work focuses
on, manufacturing of a composite material from recycled glass
fibres and recycled polypropylene co-polymers (PPCP) in varying
ratios. A total of six specimens are made and results for Heat
deflection temperature (HDT) 70:30 has the best results compared
to other compositions. Results are also calculated for shear
strength for the same composition of specimen, which shows
better results compared to wood material (plywood). This
experiment provides a solution for utilizing the waste plastic
material found in waste lands and scrapyards which continuously
pollute the environment.
Keywords: Plastic, HDT, Shear strength, glass fibers, PPCP.
I. INTRODUCTION
In the present time period, the sources of renewable energy
depending on the polymers which are degradable biologically
are emerging on a vast scale and are gaining much more
attention towards them as they are expected to be a source of
replacement for petroleum based polymers which are used in
current time as they are non-degradable and are highly toxic
for the environment. The degradable polymers not only solve
the problem of waste polymers but also bear excellent
mechanical and engineering properties which are used are
alternative materials in most of the industries. These
advantages of such polymers increase their utilization as well
as manufacturing for day to day useful items. (Tábi, Hajba
and Kovács, 2016) Heat deflection temperature (HDT) is
particularly important for outdoor applications in the summer
where some material surfaces can be exposed to temperatures
well above 40
o
C. when it comes to product design the
parameter of HDT (heat deflection temperature) plays a very
crucial role. It signifies the limitation regarding foremost
Revised Manuscript Received on January 05, 2020
* Correspondence Author
Bikramjit Singh*, Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and
Technology, Bhopal, India.
Dr. Gajendra Dixit, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maulana
Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India.
Dr. Savita Dixit, Department of Chemistry, Maulana Azad National
Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India.
stability of any material in operation involving the physical
deformation or change of shape under thermal loads. (Chan et
al., 2006)
A. Plastic Waste
The problem of waste plastic is a worldwide issue,
nevertheless it fluctuates from region to region. The major
concern comprises of disposal of plastic material, it is a
valuable material having excellent property such as light in
weight, better durability, easy in moulding in different
shapes, and cheaply available. Plastic materials are disposed
in the environment after its usage, nevertheless since they are
non-biodegradable; they tend to exist in the environment for
long period of time. The MSW (municipal solid waste)
contains around 10-12% of plastic waste which is fired up in
the open environment. This results in release of toxic and
harmful carbon gases which pollutes the atmosphere such as
Dioxins, Furans, Mercury and Polychlorinated Biphenyls
(Rinku Verma*, K. S. Vinoda, M. Papireddy, 2016).
Several plastic materials such as (PE), (PP) and (PS) on
incomplete burning might generate elevated concentrations
of carbon monoxide gases. On the other hand PVC produces
dioxins and carbon black. (Gupta, Dr. Rakesh Kumar and
Project, 2007)
It becomes essential to utilize waste plastic material to
reuse them into useful products and applications. This
protects the environment as well as prevents from toxic
chemical effects and avoids the problem of disposal. Hence,
the experiment performed in the present research is carried
out as an initiative under the Clean India by Honourable
Prime Minister of India as an attempt to provide a fruitful
solution for non-degradable polymers which adversely affect
the environment.
II. METHODOLOGY
A. Characterization of Recycled Glass Fiber and
Recycled Polypropylene Co-Polymer Material
To prepare processed GF and PPCP into a mass or group
an agglomerator (Made by J.J Industries, Indore) of 25kg
output is utilized. Further the obtained agglomerated mixture
is then fed into the heated mold having Outer area 12‟‟ X 12‟‟
in dimension with 5‟‟ X 5” area of core and cavity. Further
the mold is filled by using a PLC controlled Hydraulic
Compression Molding Machine (Manufactured by Hind
Hydraulics, Mumbai) having Maximum clamping tonnage of
40 tons and a maximum temperature range of 350 °C.
Heat Distortion Temperature and Shear Property
Examination of Composites using Recycled
Glass Fibres and Recycled PPCP
Bikramjit Singh, Gajendra Dixit, Savita Dixit