Evaluating Port Development Strategies for a Modal Shift: a Norwegian Case Study Andreas Breivik Ormevik 1 , Stein Ove Erikstad 1 , and Kjetil Fagerholt 2 1 Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway andreas.ormevik@ntnu.no stein.ove.erikstad@ntnu.no 2 Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway kjetil.fagerholt@ntnu.no Abstract. We study the design of a multi-modal distribution network for the transportation of incoming containers from a container terminal to nearby customer regions. The motivation for the study has been the relocation of the existing cargo terminal in the Port of Bergen, which is expected to increase the road transportation need in the region. To mitigate the consequences of increased driving distances, maritime so- lutions have been suggested as replacements for truck transportation, but as no such concepts currently exists, more knowledge and insight is needed. Therefore, in this paper we propose a Mixed Integer Program- ming (MIP) model for optimizing and evaluating strategies for a modal shift in the final stage of the supply chain, i.e. the short distance final distribution from the main terminal to the customer regions. We use it on the case study for the Port of Bergen to analyze whether it is possible to come up with solutions where a significant share of the distribution is done by small electric (and possibly autonomous) container ships instead of trucks. The analyses indicate that a multi-modal distribution network can be a cost-effective option for this particular case. Keywords: Maritime transportation · Modal shift · Mixed integer pro- gramming. 1 Introduction More than 90% of the global trade is performed by ships (IMO 2019). Container shipping, which has more than doubled in the last 15 years, is a substantial part of this. Among the busiest routes for containerized cargo is the route from East Asia to Northern Europe , with the ports in Rotterdam, Antwerp and Hamburg being the three largest. From these ports, several optional transportation modes for further distributions exist, including truck or rail transportation, as well as further distribution by smaller ships to different end customer regions all across Europe. In Norway, the total volume of distributed cargo is expected to increase by approximately 70% towards 2050, where truck transportation is expected to have