Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2021 Jul 29; 9(E):535-539. 535
Scientifc Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021 Jul 29; 9(E):535-539.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6519
eISSN: 1857-9655
Category: E - Public Health
Section: Public Health Education and Training
Mother’s Perception of Anemia and Compliance of Iron Tablet
Consumption during Pregnancy
Martha Meti Kody
1
* , Melkisedek Landi
1
, Yosephina E. S. Gunawan
1
, Maria Christina Endang Sukartiningsih
1
,
Norma Tiku Kambuno
2
1
Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang, Kupang, Indonesia;
2
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology,
Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang, Kupang, Indonesia
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anemia cases are still the main problem found in pregnant women in East Nusa Tenggara Province,
Indonesia, especially East Sumba Regency. Anemia is very common in pregnant women and iron (Fe) defciency is
the main cause. Indonesia has a policy to provide Fe supplements to pregnant women. Non-compliance of Fe tablets
is one of the important challenge factors in fghting anemia.
AIM: The research objective was to determine the relationship between perceptions and compliance of pregnant
women on consuming Fe tablets.
METHODS: This study involved 102 women, namely 34 pregnant women, 34 postpartum mothers, and 34
breastfeeding mothers. After obtaining approval from the research ethics commission, data were collected by
personal interview. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation statistical test.
RESULTS: A good perception of 77.5%, moderate 18.6%, and less, 5.9%. It was found that the compliance of
taking Fe tablets was in the good category of 2.9%, sufcient 27.5%, and less 69.6%. The results of the Spearman
correlation test show a correlation coefcient of 0.164 and a signifcant 0.100 which means that there is a weak
correlation and there is no relationship between perception and compliance of taking Fe tablets.
CONCLUSIONS: The perception of pregnant women about Fe is mostly good and the compliance of pregnant
women’s in taking Fe tablets is mostly sufcient. There was no relationship between perception and compliance of
taking Fe tablets in pregnant women.
Edited by: Sasho Stoleski
Citation: Kody MM, Landi M, Gunawan YES,
Sukartiningsih MCE, Kambuno NT. Mother’s Perception
of Anemia and Compliance of Iron Tablet Consumption
during Pregnancy. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2021
Jul 29; 9(E):535-539.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6519
Keywords: Perception; Compliance; Iron tablets;
Pregnant women
*Correspondence: Martha Mety Kody, Department
of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang, Kupang,
Indonesia. E-mail: kodymartha@gmail.com
Received: 24-May-2021
Revised: 08-Jun-2021
Accepted: 19-Jul-2021
Copyright: © 2021 Martha Meti Kody,
Melkisedek Landi, Yosephina E. S. Gunawan,
Maria Christina Endang Sukartiningsih. Endang, Norma
Tiku Kambuno
Funding: This study was supported by the Director of
Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang, through funding in 2019
Basic Health Research Fund
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no
competing interests exist
Open Access: This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Introduction
Anemia is a condition in which the oxygen-
carrying capacity of red blood cells is insufcient to fll the
body’s physiological needs [1]. This can lead to various
health complications in every age group including
pregnant women, where it can lead to dangerous
maternal and fetal outcomes [2]. It is estimated that
20% of direct maternal deaths are attributable to anemia
through its complications and it is the associated
cause of up to 50% of maternal deaths worldwide. The
World Health Organization (WHO) defnes anemia as
a blood hemoglobin which concentration is <11 gm/dl
or a hematocrit <37% in pregnant women. The WHO
estimates that 58% of women in developing countries
sufer from anemia [3].
According to Basic Health Research
(Riskesdas) 2018, the prevalence of anemia in pregnant
women in Indonesia is 48.9%. The fgure shows an
increase when compared to Riskesdas in 2013, namely
37.1%. knowing from the coverage of blood added
tablets giving to pregnant women in 2018, as many as
38.1% of pregnant women who get iron (Fe) tablets
of at least 90 items and 61.9% get Fe tablets <90
items [4]. The blood-added tablet distribution program
is programmed for pregnant women and young women
and the coverage of the number of TDD recipients is
18.92% and 61.88% in 2018, respectively [5]. Report
from the Directorate General of Public Health in 2018,
the number of pregnant women at risk of chronic energy
defciency and underweight toddlers who receive
additional food in East Nusa Tenggara 76.1% and 73%.
East Sumba Regency has 22 health centers including
Puskesmas Waingapu with the number of pregnant
women in 2018 was 5,642 people and the number of
recipients of Fe tablets was 4,185 people (74.2%).
There were 48 cases of anemia in pregnant women
at Puskesmas Waingapu in 2017 and decreased to
23 cases in 2018 [6].
Fe defciency is considered the most common
cause of anemia globally, accounted for more than half
of anemia cases in pregnancy [7]. Fe, an essential
nutrient, is needed for the synthesis of hemoglobin,
Fe needs increase during pregnancy and is often not
obtained through regular diet. This can be exacerbated