Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results ¦ Volume 13 ¦ Special Issue ¦ 2022 1925 A Comparative Study of Surgical and Non-Surgical Interventions for the Management of Radicular Cysts Dr. Aishwarya Sahu 1 , Dr. Mansoor Saify 2* , Dr. Anurag Jain 3 , Dr. Gaurav Bharadwaj 4 , Dr. Anuroop Rai 5 , Mimansha Patel 6 1 MDS Endodontist, Dental Surgeon, Government District Hospital, Chhindwara, M.P. *2 MDS Orthodontist, Department of Dentistry, Jhalawar Medical College and Hospital, Jhalawar 3 Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College and Hospital, Ratlam, M.P. 4 Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, NIMS Dental College and Hospital Jaipur, Rajasthan 5 Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, NIMS Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan 6 Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Triveni Dental College, Bodri, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh Email: drmansoorsaify@gmail.com DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.S08.233 Background: Periapical cysts are slow-growing cysts that are often asymptomatic until they become secondary infections. Periapical cysts are seen in the periapical region. The choice of therapy may be influenced by a number of criteria, including the extent of the lesion, its connection to important structures, its point of origin, clinical features, the patient's level of cooperation, and the patient's overall health. As a result of this, the current research was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical and non-surgical intervention in the treatment of radicular cysts. Materials and Methods: The investigation included a total of 28 instances, 20 of which were men and 8 of which were females. All of the patients exhibited gradually growing swelling in the anterior area. Clinical examination and radiographs of all of the patients produced conclusive evidence of the presence of a radicular cyst. Both the non-surgical intervention group and the surgical intervention group received an equal share of the overall group. For the purpose of analysis, a t-test on independent samples and a Chi-square test were carried out. Results: The non-surgical group had a mean radiographic lesion of 1.78 + 0.1 and 0.44 + 0.11 at the first and sixth months, respectively, whereas the surgical group had a mean lesion of 1.22 + 0.11 and 0.21 + 0.12. The p values for the two groups, which showed a statistically significant difference, were P = 0.01 and P = 0.00, respectively. After one month, 11 patients in the surgical group were extremely pleased, and after six months, patients in both groups were very satisfied. However, the degree of satisfaction did not demonstrate a significant amount of relevance. The number of patients in the surgery group who had severe pain was somewhat higher than in the non-surgical group; however, after the first month, pain was much less severe in the surgical group as compared to the non-surgical group. Conclusion: Combination procedures, such as the root canal, apicoectomy and decompression or marsupialization , have superior results in treating radicular cysts with non-vital pulp than using each one of these procedures alone. Keywords: Decompression, Marsupialization, healing, radicular cysts, apicoectomy and root canal therapy. INTRODUCTION In the periodontal ligament, epithelial residues (cell rests of Malassez) may occur as a result of inflammation after the death of the tooth pulp. This can result in the formation of a cyst known as a radicular cyst. These are the most common odontogenic cystic lesions of inflammatory origin that may damage the jaws. They are cystic lesions that form on teeth. The apices of the teeth that are affected are the most prevalent area for involvement; however, the lateral features of the roots in connection with lateral accessory root canals may also be affected. [1] A periapical cyst is a cyst that grows slowly and, in most cases, does not cause any symptoms until it becomes secondarily infected. Even though it accounts for 40 –50% of all apical lesions, there is still controversy over how it should be managed. [2] A limited number of publications have said that if the intramuscular infection can be eradicated with non-surgical endodontic therapy, then the situation is considered resolved. [3] While some people believe that surgical intervention is necessary, others believe that the immune system itself may help stimulate the healing of such a lesion. [4] Clinical investigations reveal that the percentage of radicular cysts rises as the extent of the periapical lesions grows. This is the case regardless of whether the cysts are present. Granulomas have only been identified in