~ 87 ~  The Pharma Innovation Journal 2018; 7(1): 87-89 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating: 5.03 TPI 2018; 7(1): 87-89 © 2018 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 08-11-2017 Accepted: 09-12-2017 SU Nabi Department of Veterinary, Medicine, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India S Dey Department of Veterinary, Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India OS Shah Department of Veterinary, Medicine, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India T Hussain Department of Veterinary, Medicine, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India U Amin Department of Veterinary, Pathology, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India J Vala Assistant Professor, Department of TVCC, Vanbandhu College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India A Jan Department of Veterinary, Medicine, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India AG Ramdas Department of Veterinary, Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India A Muhee Department of Veterinary, Medicine, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India A Hussain Department of Veterinary, Medicine, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India SA Beigh Department of Veterinary, Medicine, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India Correspondence SU Nabi Department of Veterinary, Medicine, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India Incidence of renal disorders in canines and its relation with age breed and sex SU Nabi, S Dey, OS Shah, T Hussain, U Amin, J Vala, A Jan, AG Ramdas, A Muhee, A Hussain and SA Beigh Abstract Present study was conducted in the Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar. The aim of the study was to evaluate relationship of three variables age, sex and breed with regard to incidence of renal disorder in dog. Overall incidence of renal disorders was 12.03%. The incidence increased with advancement of age as 17 (1.79%), 32 (7.58%), 42 (15.73%) and 23 (33.33%) dogs in the age groups of < 6 years, 6 -10 years, 10-14 years and >14 year, respectively were suffering from renal disorders. The breed wise distribution of renal disorders in dogs is shown in Table 2. The highest incidence was noted in Labrador dogs (21.73%), followed by Dalmatian (18.18%), Bulldog (15.9%), Bhutia (14.8%), German shepherd (13.76%), Rottweiler (13.6%), Great Dane (12%), mixed breed (11.7%), Doberman (8.57%) and Pomeranian (7.9%). Interestingly lowest incidence was recorded in mixed breed (11.7%), Doberman (8.57%) and Pomeranian (7.9%). From above study it can be concluded that age and genotype has an important role in incidence of renal diseases in canines, the present study can serve as a model for study of renal disorders in humans. Keywords: canine, renal failure, age, breed and incidence 1. Introduction Aging is a universal phenomenon that can be either programmed (intrinsic) or stochastic (Extrinsic). It is a complex multifactorial process that results in heterogeneous patterns of progressive morbidity and disability (Rowe et al., 1983) [9] . With aging there occur metabolic derangements with decreased organ function so organ function and energy expenditure can serve more valid determinant of geriatrics (Greenberg et al., 2000) [2] . Aging is routinely associated with a deterioration of insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance (Rowe et al, 1983) [9] and leptin sensitivity (Scarpace et al, 2000) [12] which affects various vital organs (Reaven, 1992) [10] . Natural age-related renal changes are similar to those identified in chronic kidney diseases not related to ageing. It is characterized by atrophy of renal cortex (Rodrigez- Puyol, 1998), Progressive mesangial matrix enlargement and arteriolar hyalinization (Tracy et al., 2002) [13] . Keeping in view the importance of renal failure in small animals and age related renal changes resembling in progression and clinical presentation of chronic renal failure in all age groups. The present study was designed to study role of age, sex and breed on incidence of renal failure to have better understanding of disease in relation to these variables. The present study has potential to serve as a model for progression and clinical presentation of chronic renal failure in animals 2. Material and Methods Present study was conducted in the Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar from May 2012 to July 2013. The aim of the study was to evaluate relationship of three variables age, sex and breed with regard to incidence of renal disorders in dog. For incidence study the parameters undertaken were clinical signs, biochemical changes in blood and urine, and ultrasonographic examination. The animals diagnosed for renal disorders were subsequently grouped according to age, breed and sex to find influence of these variables on the occurrence of the renal failure. Health status of canines was were defined based on history, physical examination, CBC, biochemistry and urinalysis standard values established for particular species. Dogs were included in renal failure group if they were azotaemic if anamnesis and clinical signs were consistent with renal disease (reference intervals for urea and creatinine are 3·3 to 8 mmol/L and 36 to 120 μmol/L, respectively as per International renal interest society classification of renal diseases).