https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390318807968
Journal of the American Psychiatric
Nurses Association
1–10
© The Author(s) 2018
Article reuse guidelines:
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DOI: 10.1177/1078390318807968
japna.sagepub.com
Continuing Education Article
Introduction
A new graduate nurse residency program (NRP) was devel-
oped at a large, metropolitan acute freestanding psychiatric
hospital in southern California in 2009. The NRP has an evi-
dence-based curriculum using adult and experiential learning
theories, which has been correlated with improved skills and
behaviors among nursing students (Ferguson & Day, 2007;
Kolb, Boyatzis, & Mainemelis, 2001). The NRP curriculum
incorporates Benner’s novice to expert framework. Since
new graduate nurses (NGNs) are considered advanced begin-
ners, they lack expertise and experience in prioritizing and
confidence in caring for patients with complex clinical issues
(Beecroft, Kunzman, Taylor, Devenis, & Guzek, 2004;
Benner, 1984; Goode, Lynn, McElroy, Bednash, & Murray,
2013). Benner’s framework facilitates sequencing and priori-
tizing of knowledge and to develop clinical judgment and
decision making. Additionally, and most important, because
of immediate entry into the specialty, the curriculum is
strongly based in the Scope and Standards of Practice for
Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing (APNA, ANA, & ISPN,
2014), Last, NGNs benefit from reflection on an action either
during or soon after engaging in an experience as a means to
reframe the experience (Mangone, King, Croft, & Church,
2005). As a result, the NRP curriculum includes the reflective
practice theoretical frameworks developed by Schön (1983)
and Johns (2009) as a means to promote critical inquiry for
the NGN.
The NRP provides social support for new graduates
and enhances the employees’ knowledge and skills
(K&S), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), civil-
ity (CIV), coping self-efficacy (CSE), organizational
commitment (OrgComm), person–organizational fit
807968JAP XX X 10.1177/1078390318807968Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses AssociationPelletier et al.
research-article 2018
1
Luc R. Pelletier, MSN, APRN, PMHCNS-BC, FAAN, Sharp Mesa
Vista Hospital, San Diego, CA; University of San Diego, San Diego,
CA, USA
2
Chandra Vincent, MSN, RN, Sharp Mesa Vista Hospital, San Diego,
CA, USA
3
Loralie Woods, MSN, RN-BC, Sharp Mesa Vista Hospital, San Diego,
CA, USA
4
Cheryl Odell, MSN, RN, NEA-BC, Sharp Mesa Vista Hospital, San
Diego, CA, USA
5
Jaynelle F. Stichler, DNS, RN, NEA-BC(R), FACHE, FAAN, Sharp
HealthCare Center of Nursing Excellence, San Diego, CA, USA
Corresponding Author:
Luc R. Pelletier, Sharp Mesa Vista Hospital, 7850 Vista Hill Avenue,
San Diego, CA 92123, USA.
Email: luc.pelletier@sharp.com
Effectiveness of a Psychiatric–Mental
Health Nurse Residency Program on
Retention
Luc R. Pelletier
1
, Chandra Vincent
2
, Loralie Woods
3
,
Cheryl Odell
4
, and Jaynelle F. Stichler
5
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nurse residency programs (NRPs) provide new graduate nurses (NGNs) with social support
and experiential activities as a formal transition to clinical practice. AIMS: The study was conducted to answer the
question: What is the effectiveness of an NRP in retaining NGNs in a psychiatric–mental health setting? METHOD:
This study used a quantitative time-sequenced comparative study of multiple cohorts of NGNs hired into an NRP
at a freestanding hospital in California. RESULTS: The study yielded a turnover rate of 11.7% in Year 1 (88.3%
retention) and 2.9% in Year 2 (97.1% retention rate), which are lower than reported turnover rates (17.5% and
33.5%, respectively). Significant correlations are described in the workplace domains of knowledge and skills, social
support, organizational citizenship behavior, civility, coping self-efficacy, organizational and occupational commitment,
person–organizational fit, and burnout. CONCLUSIONS: NRPs are effective in attracting and retaining competent,
confident NGNs in psychiatric–mental health nursing.
Keywords
inpatient psychiatry, administration and management, program evaluation, professional issues, psychiatric nursing
practice