Citation: Al-Saidi, N.M.G.; Yahya, H.;
Obaiys, S.J. Discrete Dynamic Model
of a Disease-Causing Organism
Caused by 2D-quantum Tsallis
Entropy. Symmetry 2022, 14, 1677.
https://doi.org/10.3390/
sym14081677
Academic Editor: Hüseyin Budak
Received: 5 July 2022
Accepted: 8 August 2022
Published: 12 August 2022
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral
with regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional affil-
iations.
Copyright: © 2022 by the authors.
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
4.0/).
symmetry
S S
Article
Discrete Dynamic Model of a Disease-Causing Organism
Caused by 2D-Quantum Tsallis Entropy
Nadia M. G. Al-Saidi
1
, Husam Yahya
2
and Suzan J. Obaiys
3,
*
1
Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
2
Computer Engineering Techniques, Faculty of Information Technology, Imam Ja’afar Al-Sadiq University,
Baghdad 10064, Iraq
3
Department of Computer Systems and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology,
University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
* Correspondence: suzan@um.edu.my
Abstract: Many aspects of the asymmetric organ system are controlled by the symmetry model (R&L)
of the disease-causing organism pathway, but sensitive matters like somites and limb buds need to
be shielded from its influence. Because symmetric and asymmetric structures develop from similar
or nearby matters and utilize many of the same signaling pathways, attaining symmetry is made
more difficult. On this note, we aim to generalize some important measurements in view of the
2D-quantum calculus (q-calculus, q-analogues or q-disease), including the dimensional of fractals
and Tsallis entropy (2D-quantum Tsallis entropy (2D-QTE)). The process is based on producing a
generalization of the maximum value of the Tsallis entropy in view of the quantum calculus. Then
by considering the maximum 2D-QTE, we design a discrete system. As an application, by using
the 2D-QTE, we depict a discrete dynamic system that is afflicted with a disease-causing organism
(DCO). We look at the system’s positive and maximum solutions. Studies are done on equilibrium
and stability. We will also develop a novel design for the fundamental reproductive ratio based on
the 2D-QTE.
Keywords: quantum calculus; fractal; Tsallis entropy; discrete dynamic system; equilibrium point
1. Introduction
The history of quantum calculus, often referred to as the q-derivative, Jackson deriva-
tive, or q-disease, and dating back three centuries to the works of Bernoulli and Euler, is
one of the most challenging math topics to grasp [1]. The q-derivative actions are now de-
veloping swiftly due to their versatility in fields like mathematics, mechanics, and physics.
Quantum mechanics, analytic number theory, special functions theory of finite differences,
Bernoulli and Euler polynomials, combinatory, entropy definition, information theory, the
theory of computer science, computational studies, image processing, chemical process-
ing, data sciences, umbral derivative, Sobolev fractional norms, operator principle, and
more recently, the idea of geometric functions theory, all benefit from the wide variety of
applications of q-derivative (see [2–5]).
For a very long time, discrete dynamic systems of DCO were the subject of intense
discussion because they were successful at describing the process of disease dissemination
(see [6]). The classic DCO was provided in the prior twenty centuries [7]. Following that, a
huge number of publications on DCO [8–10] were established. Overall, DCOs are thought
to be homogeneously mixed, which means that the same information is spread to those who
are susceptible. However, there are several systems of populations in humanoid society,
and linking between individuals is not always the same [11]. The fundamental reproductive
ratio [12] is used to study the stability and convergence of the structures. Depending on
the system and circumstances of the solution, this ratio is expressed in several formulas.
We propose novel formalization of this ratio based on the entropy idea in our argument.
Symmetry 2022, 14, 1677. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14081677 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/symmetry