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ISSN 1063-7761, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, 2016, Vol. 122, No. 6, pp. 1111–1116. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2016.
Time Fractional Effect on Ion Acoustic Shock Waves
in Ion-Pair Plasma
1
H. G. Abdelwahed
a,b,
*, E. K. El-Shewy
b
, and A. A. Mahmoud
b
a
College of Science and Humanitarian Studies, Physics Department,
Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
b
Theoretical Physics Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
*e-mail: hgomaa_eg@hotmail.com
Received October 23, 2015
Abstract—The nonlinear properties of ion acoustic shock waves are studied. The Burgers equation is derived
and converted into the time fractional Burgers equation by Agrawal’s method. Using the Adomian decompo-
sition method, shock wave solutions of the time fractional Burgers equation are constructed. The effect of the
time fractional parameter on the shock wave properties in ion-pair plasma is investigated. The results
obtained may be important in investigating the broadband electrostatic shock noise in D- and F-regions of
Earth’s ionosphere.
DOI: 10.1134/S1063776116050149
1. INTRODUCTION
In last few years, ion acoustic waves in ion-pair
plasmas were investigated both numerically and exper-
imentally [1–3]. Many observations clearly indicate
the presence of positive-negative ion structures in a
variety of astrophysical plasma environments [4].
More specifically, negative ions are present at D-
region altitudes of the ionosphere of Earth in coexis-
tence with electrons as they are formed primarily by
electrons added to electronegative species [5]. In the
past decade, acoustic shocks in astrophysical plasma
have been investigated [6–10]. The propagation of
dust ion acoustic shocks in multi-ion plasmas was
studied in [11]. It is noted that the acoustic shocks are
modified by the heavy-to-light ion number density
parameter. Also, potentials of both polarities exist in
the plasma system [11]. On the other hand, applica-
tions of nonlinear fractional partial differential equa-
tions have received much attention in fluid mechanics
and the physics of plasma [12–15]. In [16], electro-
static Viking satellite electron acoustic solitons
observed in the dayside auroral zone were investigated
by using the nonlinear time fractional Korteweg–de
Vries (KdV) equation. Accordingly, the effect of
trapped hot electrons on the dusty ion acoustic waves
was discussed using the modified KdV equation with a
time fractional term [17]. The progress of ion waves in
an ion-pair plasma model was studied in [18] by means
of the Gardner equation with a time fraction term. The
method of variational iterations was used in [18] to
investigate the effect of nonthermal electrons on the
produced wave.
The studies on plasma physics using fractional
nonlinear evolution equations have been discussed by
many authors [19–22]. Later, the properties of dust
acoustic shock waves have been studied in two-tem-
perature dust plasmas using the Burgers equation with
a time fractional order. The time fractional parameter
effect on shock wave features was discussed using the
variational iteration technique [23]. Furthermore,
shock waves in dusty plasmas were studied in [24]
using the space-time fractional KdV–Burgers equa-
tion. It was noted that the space-time fractional
parameter affects the coexistence of shocks [24]. In
this paper, an ion acoustic model with nonthermal
electrons and ion pairs is considered. The KdV equa-
tion is derived and Agrawal’s method [12, 25–27] is
applied to formulate the time fractional KdV equation,
and the Adomian decomposition method [28, 29] is
used to solve it. In Section 2, we present the basic set
of fluid equations for the system, and the Burgers
equation with a time-fractional term is derived in Sec-
tion 3. In Section 4, the Adomian decomposition
method is used to solve the time-fractional Burgers
equation. Section 5 contains the results and a discus-
sion.
2. BASIC EQUATIONS
In the model considered here, a three-component
collisionless nonmagnetized plasma consists of vis-
cous fluids of positive and negative ions and a non-
thermal electron density distribution n
e
. The normal-
1
The article is published in the original.
STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR,
AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS