International Journal of Materials Engineering 2012, 2(3): 23-31
DOI: 10. 5923/j.ijme.20120203.03
Synergistic Effects of Micro Size Flyash Particulate and
Glass Fiber on Friction and Wear of Vinylester Hybrid
Composites under Dry and Water Lubricated Sliding
Condition
S.R.Chauhan
1
, Bharti Gaur
2
, Kali Dass
1,*
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (H.P.) 177005, India
2
Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (H.P.) 17700, India
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (H.P.) 177005, India
Abstract In this paper the tribological performance of vinylester and its composites under dry and water lubricated
sliding conditions has been investigated. For investigating the friction and wear tests were carried out on a pin on rotating disc
under ambient conditions at normal applied loads of 10, 30 and 50N and under sliding speed of 1.6, 2.8 and 4.0 m/s. The
results showed that the coefficient of friction decreases with the increase in applied normal load under both dry and water
lubricated condition. The specific wear rate of GFR vinylester composite reduces significantly with the addition of fly ash
particulates.
Keywords Specific Wear Rate, Glass Vinylester Composites, Scanning Electron Microscopy
1. Introduction
In most of the thermosets, epoxy and vinyl ester resins
exhibiting an attractive combination of mechanical, chemi-
cal, thermal, and environmental stability. The fiber rein-
forced polymeric composites have several potentially at-
tractive properties including high specific stiffness and
strength, good corrosion resistance and retention of these
properties at high temperatures. The importance of tribo-
logical properties convinced many researchers to study the
friction and wear behaviour along with improving at the
wear resistance of polymeric composites. For fiber rein-
forced polymer matrix composites the process of material
removal in dry sliding condition is dominated by four wear
mechanisms, viz., matrix wear, fiber sliding wear, fiber
fracture and interfacial debonding. Polymer composites are
also increasingly used for a number of mechanical compo-
nents such as gears, cams, wheels, brakes, clutches, bear-
ings, bushes, etc., most of which are subjected to tribologi-
cal loading conditions [1-6].
Researchers have shown that the friction and wear be-
haviours of polymers in fluid environments differ to a great
extent, from those in the dry friction conditions. The
* Corresponding author:
thakurkalidass999@gmail.com (Kali Dass)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/ijme
Copyright © 2012 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
absorption of water and plasticization of polymer surfaces
influence the friction and wear of the polymeric composites.
It has been investigated that fluids such as water and other
the solution inhibit the formation of transfer films of fiber/
polymer debris on the counterface and the wear rates are
greater than those obtained in dry conditions. Absorption of
water may cause reduction in strength, modulus of elasticity,
increase in the elongation and swelling of the surface layer
[7-10]. In the experimental findings of the tribological
characterics of glass vinylester and SiC filled glass vinylester
composites it has been reported that the water into the in-
terface of polymer/metal sliding combination reduces the
coefficient of friction, but increases the wear rate of the
composites[11].
The investigation related to the tribological properties of
polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has been reported in the
studies[12-18]. The most of the investigations published
were related to the friction and wear of polymers sliding
against steels at dry sliding conditions. In addition, some
investigations have been conducted on the friction and wear
of polymers in water lubrication conditions[12-14]. The
water into the interface of polymer/metal sliding combina-
tion generally reduces the coefficient of friction, but may
increase the wear rate of the polymer[19]. The investigation
of water lubricated tribological performance of carbon re-
inforced PEEK composite reported showed that the coeffi-
cient of friction under water lubricated condition is lower
than that the dry condition[20]. The friction and wear phe-