328 Active Compensation of the Voltage Follower FREQUENZ 36 (1982) 12 Active Compensation of the Voltage Follower Aktive Kompensation des Spannungsfolgers By Ahmed M. Soliman (Senior Member IEEE)* Abstract: It is shown that is not possible to realize an infinite input impedance active compensated voltage follower using two or three opamps and having compensation conditions independent of the gain bandwidth of the opamps. Several novel active compensated voltage followers using two or three opamps are proposed. The properties of the compensated voltage followers are summarized in tables. Übersicht: Es wird gezeigt, daß es nicht möglich ist, einen unendlich großen Eingangswiderstand für einen aktiv kompensierten Spannungsfolger zu realisieren, der aus zwei oder drei Operationsverstärkern besteht und der vom Verstärkungs-Bandbreite-Produkt unabhängige Kompensationseigenschaften hat. Es werden einige neue aktiv kompensierte Spannungsfolger mit zwei oder drei Operationsverstärkern vorgeschlagen. Ihre Eigenschaften sind in Tabellen zusammengefaßt. Für die Dokumentation: Spannungsfolger / aktive Kompensation / Operationsverstärker 1. Introduction It is well known that the single operational amplifier (opamp) voltage follower is suitable only for applications at low frequencies due to the finite and complex open loop gain nature of the opamp. The active phase compensated voltage follower shown in Fig. 1 has been introduced recently [1-3]. This attractive two opamps voltage follower may also be obtained as a special case from several phase compensated noninverting voltage controlled voltage source (VCVS) structures [4-6], and it requires the two opamps to be matched. Even in integrated circuit techno- logy the gain bandwidth of the two opamps may be slightly different [6]. The purpose of this paper is to propose and discuss active compensation methods of the voltage follower using two or three opamps not necessarily being matched. It is assumed that the opamps considered here are all internally compensated with zero ouptput and infinite input impedances, infinite common-mode rejection ratio and with a voltage gain function that can be approximated by [7]: Fig. 1: The active compensated voltage follower using two opamps [1—3] Dr. A. M. Soliman, Professor, Electronics and Communications Engineering De- partment, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza- Egypt. (1) where , is the unity gain bandwidth of the opamp. 2. Class 1—Two Opamps Voltage Followers Recently the noninverting VCVS structures have been classified into two major classes [4]. In the class 1 — VCVS networks the phase compensation condition is in- dependent of , of the opamps. The main result of this section is summarized in the form of a theorem. Theorem: For a class 1 active phase compensated voltage follower using two opamps, the input impedance must be finite. Proof: For a class 1 two opamps noninverting VCVS, the basic circuit equations are given by [4] "01 »11 ' J 21 0 "01 "02 (2) where a, and b i} are real coefficients having magnitudes < 1, and K 01 represents the output of the VCVS. Using equation (1) thus the transfer function of the VCVS is given by (3) Brought to you by | University of Arizona Authenticated Download Date | 7/9/15 3:20 AM