CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS
VOL. 29, 2012
A publication of
The Italian Association
of Chemical Engineering
Online at: www.aidic.it/cet
Guest Editors: Petar Sabev Varbanov, Hon Loong Lam, Jiří Jaromír Klemeš
Copyright © 2012, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.,
ISBN 978-88-95608-20-4; ISSN 1974-9791 DOI: 10.3303/CET1229165
Please cite this article as: Kriván E., Valkai I. and Hancsók J., (2012), The oligomerization of olefin hydrocarbons in
light FCC naphtha on ion exchange resin catalyst, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 29, 985-990
985
The Oligomerization of Olefin Hydrocarbons in Light FCC
Naphtha on Ion Exchange Resin Catalyst
Eszter Kriván*
a
, István Valkai
b
,Jenő Hancsók
a
a
University of Pannonia, Department of MOL Hydrocarbon and Coal processing, Egyetem street 10., H-8200
Veszprém, Hungary
b
MOL PLC. DS Development, H-2443, P.O.Box 1, Százhalombatta, Hungary
krivane@almos.uni-pannon.hu
In our experimental work our aim was the investigation of the possibility to convert olefin hydrocarbons
of a light FCC naphtha fraction with oligomerization. In this framework, we studied the production
possibilities of higher carbon number isoolefin rich motor fuel blending components, with
oligomerization of the C4-C6 olefin content of the feedstock on water-containing acidic ion exchange
resin catalysts. From the studied catalysts the ion exchange resin showed the highest oligomerization
activity: the conversion of the olefins was 90.9 % and the share of oligomer products was 29.0 %. After
hydrogenation of the C8-C16 isoolefin mixture, the octane number of gasoline product is around 100,
the JET product has high energy content and low crystallization point, the cetane number of gas oil
product is high and it has a good CFPP (cold filter plugging point). So with these two catalytic steps
valuable products can be produced from light olefin-containing refinery by-products.
1. Introduction
The oil refinery developments are primarily motivated by the environmental protection and economical
efforts in the past decade. The quality requirements of motor fuels were tightened significantly, which
are targeting the reduction of harmful material emission of the vehicles. The high degree of reduction of
the sulphur and aromatic content were the most important. The growing motor fuel demand of the
world makes it necessary to develop new technologies for producing different motor fuels (gasoline, jet,
and diesel gas oil) or to improve the existing ones. Because of all these effects in the case of gasolines
and diesel gas oils the useage of environmentally friendly, relatively "clean burning", and practically
heteroatom-free, high n- and i-paraffin containing blending fractions in a larger quantity came into front.
From the options which from the lower value light hydrocarbons (C3-C6 paraffins and olefins) are
producing heavier and more valuable products (gasoline or middle distillate) have great importance.
Therefore the oligomerization technologies which are flexible from the point of the product composition
will be more important than the conventional solutions (e.g. alkylation, production of ethers). During
oligomerization from these olefins isoolefins in different boiling point ranges (depending on the degree
of oligomerization compounds in the gasoline, jet or diesel gas oil boiling point range are formed) can
be produced, which can be converted into isoparaffins after hydrogenation. Therefore with the
application of this technology the gasoline- JET-diesel gas oil flexibility of the oil refinery can be
enhanced greatly.
The feedstock of oligomerization can be the fractions rich in light olefin (3-6 carbon number) produced
as by-products during the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and other thermal technologies in relatively