ORIGINAL PAPER Long-term temperature trend analysis associated with agriculture crops Sarita Gajbhiye Meshram 1,2 & Ercan Kahya 3 & Chandrashekhar Meshram 4 & Mohammad Ali Ghorbani 5 & Balram Ambade 6 & Rasoul Mirabbasi 7 Received: 8 July 2019 /Accepted: 7 February 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020 Abstract Temperature is one of the most significant elements in climate and weather forecasting. There was an increase in the earth’ s surface (land and ocean) temperature by 0.6 ± 0.2 °C during 1901–2000 (NOAA, Global Climate Report 2017). In evaluating the effects of climate change, the spatiotemporal variability of temperature was examined in the Chhattisgarh State, India, using monthly data at 16 stations over the period 1901–2016 with a length of 116 years. The standard normal homogeneity test was used to evaluate the homogeneity of temperature data. Linear regression analysis and four altered versions of the Mann-Kendall (MK) method were utilized to analyze the existence of trends in temperature series. These four versions of the MK tests include the conventional Mann-Kendall method (MK1), the removed influence of noteworthy lag-1 autocorrelation (MK2), the removed influence of all noteworthy autocorrelation coefficients (MK3) and the considered Hurst coefficient (MK4). The results of both parametric and non-parametric tests indicated an increase in the annual and seasonal temperature in the Chhattisgarh State over the period 1901–2016. The most likely change year in the state was 1950. There was a decreasing trend at some stations during the period 1901–1950, which reversed in the following period 1951–2016. Overall, annual and seasonal temperature time series showed increasing trends in all stations over the course of the long-term period. Our results confirmed a fact that the agriculture crop production has been decreased due to climate change. 1 Introduction Environment variations and its effects on temperature vary across global spatiotemporal scales, which has resulted in unexpected impacts and changes in regions around the world. As many regions on the earth normally experience both short- and long-term climatic variability (Houghton 1994; Gardner et al. 1996), its understanding is so critical in exploring not only present and future climatic conditions due to climate change but also its effects on water resources to support the implementation of suitable adaptation strategies. Temperature patterns provide basic evidence when assessing claims with respect to anthropogenic environ- mental change (Nazeri Tahroudi et al. 2019). An impor- tant change in temperature can also impact soil quality since temperature and water are vital physical elements for plant growth. Non-ideal levels of water and tempera- ture conditions can unequivocally hinder plant growth, particularly at the early phases of development, such as during seed germination and rise (Helms et al. 1996), which has major implications for future food production. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported that over the course of the twentieth century, there was an increase in the earth’ s surface temperature by 0.6 ± 0.2 °C (Obiekezie et al. 2010). Likewise, the temperature has been increasing by 0.13 ± 0.07 °C every decade in the past * Sarita Gajbhiye Meshram saritagmeshram@tdtu.edu.vn 1 Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 2 Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 3 Civil Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University (ITU), 34469 Istanbul, Turkey 4 Department of Mathematics, Govt. Jaywanti Haksar P.G. College, Betul, Madhya Pradesh, India 5 Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran 6 Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India 7 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran Theoretical and Applied Climatology https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-020-03137-z