Review Advanced airway interventions for paediatric cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis Eric J. Lavonas a, b, * , Shinichiro Ohshimo c , Kevin Nation d , Patrick Van de Voorde e, f , Gabrielle Nuthall g , Ian Maconochie h , Nazi Torabi i , Laurie J. Morrison j , k on behalf of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) Pediatric Life Support Task Force a Department of Emergency Medicine, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, Colorado, USA b Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA c Departments of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan d New Zealand Resuscitation Council, Wellington, New Zealand e Department of Emergency Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium f EMS Dispatch Center Eastern Flanders, Federal Department of Health, Belgium g Department of Paediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Starship Child Health, Central Auckland, New Zealand h Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom i Scotiabank Health Sciences Library, St. Michael’s Hospital, Li Ka Shing International Healthcare Education Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada j Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada k Rescu, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital,Toronto, Ontario, Canada Abbreviations: AAW, advanced airway; ALS, advanced life support; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; BMV, bag mask ventilation; CI, 95% confidence interval; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; GRADE, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation; IHCA, in hospital cardiac arrest; ILCOR, International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation; M –H, Cochran –Mantel –Haenszel; OHCA, out of hospital cardiac arrest; SGA, supraglottic airway; TI, tracheal intubation; RD, risk difference. * Corresponding author at: Department of Emergency Medicine, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, 777 Bannock St, MC 0108, Denver, CO, 80238, USA. E-mail addresses: eric.lavonas@dhha.org (E.J. Lavonas), ohshimos@hiroshima-u.ac.jp (S. Ohshimo), Kevin@nzrc.org.nz (K. Nation), Patrick.VandeVoorde@uzgent.be (P. Van de Voorde), GabrielleN@adhb.govt.nz (G. Nuthall), i.maconochie@imperial.ac.uk (I. Maconochie), TorabiN@smh.ca (N. Torabi), MorrisonL@smh.ca (L.J. Morrison). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.02.040 Received 8 January 2019; Received in revised form 19 February 2019; Accepted 26 February 2019 Available online xxx 0300-9572/© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. R E S U S C I T A T I O N 1 3 8 ( 2 0 1 9 ) 1 1 4 – 1 2 8 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Resuscitation jou r n al ho m epag e: ww w.els evier.c o m/lo c ate/res u sc itat ion