Forum for Linguistic Studies 2023; 5(3): 1761.
Original Article
1
Officers and men, and fallen heroes: The discursive construction of
regimented masculinity in the Nigerian Army
God’sgift Ogban Uwen
*
, Anthony Ebebe Eyang
Department of English and Literary Studies, University of Calabar, Calabar 540004, Cross River State, Nigeria
* Corresponding author: God’sgift Ogban Uwen, godsgiftuwen18@gmail.com
ABSTRACT: This paper examines the use of gendered language in the
Nigerian Army’s community of practice through the application of
insights from language ideology and theory of masculinity. Data were
generated by means of participant observation and semi-structured
interviews in a one-year fieldwork involving representative sample of 18
personnel of the 6 Battalion, Ibawa and 2 Brigade, Uyo, both in Akwa
Ibom State in South-eastern Nigeria. The findings show that the Nigerian
Army maintains institutional gendered language practices used among its
personnel in regimented functions and social events. The gendered
registers occur in the soldiers’ generic use of male address terms,
adaptation to male-coded voice pattern in parades, masculinisation of
Army’s workout songs, and the subordination of femininity in institutional
associations, all combined to construct the regimented and performative
masculinisation of the profession. This practice is observed to be
informed by the numerical domination of men in the profession that was
originally perceived as males’; a conception that has shaped the linguistic
ideology and performance of the Nigerian Army to rehearse masculine
orientations. It is however recommended that the Army’s language
practices should capture modern ideals of a gender sensitive world that
connect to the clamour for gender equality and equal social belonging
through the inclusion of feminine linguistic markers in workplaces.
KEYWORDS: regimented masculinity; masculine language practices;
language ideology; theory of masculinity; Nigerian Army
1. Introduction
The Nigerian military appears to be traditionally conceptualised in regimented masculinity in its
practices, ideologies, operations, and language use. Generally, masculinity denotes ruggedness,
perseverance, muscular manliness, forcefulness, and self-discipline; it reinforces the plurality of how men
perceive the world to maintain power and domination (Lowe, 2019). The notion of masculinity is
therefore coded and rehearsed in male-dominated organisations where cohesive ideals are propagated.
Masculinity is constructed through attitudes, ideologies, interests, goals, and language practices that
define the pattern of masculinity. Hegemonic masculinity is weaved in fluidity, it is conventionally used
to describe the various forms men devise to initiate, maintain, and sustain the practice of hegemonic
power (Cornell, 1987, 1995), that is, the exercise of diverse dominations embedded in the organic
ideologies of social groups (Gramsci, 1971). The practices, in some instances, are shown in the pursuit
of identities not clearly connected with the dominant forms (Anderson, 2007; Swain, 2006). These, and
ARTICLE INFO
Received: 29 May 2023
Accepted: 24 July 2023
Available online: 28 September 2023
doi: 10.59400/fls.v5i3.1761
Copyright © 2023 Author(s).
Forum for Linguistic Studies is published by
Academic Publishing Pte. Ltd. This article
is licensed under the Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License (CC
BY 4.0).
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
4.0/